GYMNOSPERMS ON STANFORD GROUNDS ABRAMS 101 



scales IJ^ inches wide, lateral margins lobed near the apex, serrate, tapering 

 to a short slender stalk; bracts 1J4 inches long, their recurved, mucronate 

 apex exserted beyond scales. 



The Caucasian or Nordmann Fir is a native of Crimea and the Caucasus, 

 where it inhabits the mountains at about 2,000 feet. It is a large forest tree, 

 sometimes attaining ISO feet in height and 6 feet in diameter. Two hand- 

 some trees are in the Cactus Garden, and other smaller trees are planted on 

 the University grounds. 



7.. Abies cilicia (Kotsch.) Carr. Cilician Fir. 



Leaves curved upward, closely resembling those of the preceding, but 

 darker green above and usually longer, 1-1% inches; cones about 10 inches 

 long, 1% inches broad; bracts not exserted. 



The Cilician Fir with the Cedar of Lebanon forms extensive forests in 

 the Cilician Taurus at elevations of 4,000-6,000 'feet. Two large trees are 

 near the center of the Cactus Garden. 



8. Abies cephalonica Loud. Cephalonian Fir. 



Leaves spreading at right angles from all sides of the twig, dark shiny 

 green above, with 2 silvery bands beneath, tapering from base to the sharp- 

 pointed apex, their bases dilated lengthwise; cones cylindric, 5-6 inches long; 

 scales rounded above and entire, wedge-shaped toward base; bracts projecting 

 beyond scales, linear-oblong, unequally toothed at apex. 



Native of the island of Cephalonia, Greece. One specimen is on the 

 southwest border of the Cactus Garden. 



9. Abies venusta (Dougl.) Koch. Santa Lucia Fir. 



Leaves appearing 2-ranked, l-V/i inches long, j/g inch wide, tapering at 

 both ends and ending in a sharp spiny tip at apex, bright green above, gray- 

 ish beneath with 2 broad bands of stomata; cones ovate, 3-4 inches long; 

 bracts much exceeding the scales. 



Native of the Santa Lucia Mountains. Tree often 100 to 150 feet high, 

 narrowed toward the top into a spire-like head. A young tree is on the left 

 hand side of the Palo Alto entrance to the Campus, another is in Encina 

 Garden. 



Tribe 3. Taxodeas. 

 Leaves and floral parts spirally arranged, or the leaves whorled in 

 Sciadopitys; ovuliferous scales bractless, forming woody cones; ovules usu- 

 ally several to each scale and erect; seeds small, sharply and irregularly 

 angled. 



