64 THE MARKETING OF WHOLE MILK 



paratively recent, it has reached considerable proportions 

 in some of the cities, especially in those of medium size. 

 In the larger cities a great proportion is brought in by 

 steam road. 



By the indirect method milk passes through a country 

 cooling station, pasteurizing plant, or pasteurizing and 

 bottling plant before going by railroad or truck to the city. 

 Often such country plants are merely cooling stations for 

 properly chilling the milk before it is brought to the city 

 for the pasteurizing and bottling processes. In many 

 other instances, however, the country plants are fully 

 equipped for pasteurizing and frequently for bottling as 

 well. Both Chicago and New York receive large quan- 

 tities of milk daily which have been pasteurized and bot- 

 tled at country plants. 



It may seem like unnecessary expense to have milk 

 handled at country plants when a certain amount of milk 

 plant accommodation is still necessary in the city. The 

 principal reason for having such plants is thus stated by 

 Parker: ^ "The chief reason for maintenance of country 

 milk plants is found in the vital principle of the North 

 system, namely, that a single central plant is needed in 

 the dairy district to collect, pasteurize, standardize, and 

 store the milk and to clean and sterilize the-tinAvafemsed 

 by the farmers, it being unreasonable to expect them to do 

 this work because they have not the training for it and 

 because of the unnecessary expense that would be incurred 

 should each farmer invest in the requisite apparatus and 

 expend time and labor in preparing his milk for market 

 that can be greatly economized by handling the milk of 

 all the farmers together. In fine, better milk is obtained 

 through the country milk plant system than under that 



» Parker, H. N., City Milk Supply, p. 238. 



