350 



CLASSIFICATIOX OF VERTEBRATES. 



lachrymals to the rostrum, etc 

 includes the quail {Coiurnix) , 



Fig. 342. Wilson's snipe, 

 Gallinago wi^soiii, from Tenney, 

 after Wilson. 



form the family Trochilid^e 

 The toes, however, are three 



The Gallin.e (Rasores, Alectoromorphae) 

 partridge (^Perdix), grouse {Tetrao, Bonasd), 

 jungle-fowl, including our domestic fowl 

 {Galbis), pheasants {Phasianus, Thaii- 

 maka), turkeys {Mt:ieci:^ns], peafowl 

 (^Pavo). These have the hallux rudimen- 

 tar)- and elevated above the other toes 

 and two carotid arteries. The Coi-UJIB.e 

 (Pullastrae) have usual!} two carotids 

 and the hallux well developed and near 

 the ground. The group is hardly to be 

 distinguished as a family from the Gall- 

 inae. It contains the doves and pigeons 

 {Coluinba, Goura. Diduuciibis), as t\-pi- 

 cal members, while the mound-birds 

 (^Mci^apadins) , the curassows {Crax) . and 

 the sand-grouse (Pterochs). are more 

 aberrant. The dodo (Didiis), extermi- 

 nated about two centuries ago. was an 

 aberrant pigeon. The humming-birds 

 , which has relations with the picarian birds, 

 directed forwards as in the preceding groups. 



Fig. 343. Bird of Paradise i^Taradisca apoda), female, from Hertwig, 

 after Levaillant. 



Other characters are the presence of basipterj'goid processes and the 

 existence of a single carotid. In the Picari.e the first and fourth toes 

 are directed backwards, while the palate is of the saurognathous type 



