384 INDEX TO THE STRATIGRAPHY OF NORTH AMERICA. 



li 20. NOVA SCOTIA AND ADJACENT PARTS OF NEW BRUNSWICK. 



Writing of the eastern counties of New Brunswick, Ells and BaUey^" in 1876 

 distinguished — 



1. Metamorphic rocks of pre-Carboniferous age, with intrusive syenite. 



2. Lower Carboniferous formation, including the Albert shales. 



3. Millstone grit formation, or lower member of the Carboniferous system. 



The Lower Carboniferous rocks * * * He along the northern flank and at the eastern 

 end of a chain of highlands * * * [and] consist largely of slates, usually either cliloritic 

 or talcose in character and of various colors; but with which are associated at some points 

 thick beds of grit and conglomerate, also chloritic or talcose, and, less commonly, beds of pink 

 or flesh-red felsite or petrosilex. Their age has not yet been definitely determiaed, but from 

 observations made upon the more westerly portions of the same belt ia St. John and King's 

 comities, they--would appear to belong to what, in previous reports, has been described as the 

 Coastal group, which is believed to be of pre-Siliu'ian and possibly Huronian age. 



Along the northern border of the metamorphic belt, and immediately adjacent to the 

 Lower Carboniferous tract * * * chloritic slates are associated with large quantities of red- 

 dish and gray syenite, which, in addition to occupying considerable areas, may be seen pene- 

 trating the slates in mmierous veins and irregular masses of greater or less extent. They are 

 * * * the source from which the materials of the Lower Carboniferous conglomerates have 

 been to a great extent derived. 



The Lower Carboniferous rocks * * * form the eastward extension of a considerable 

 area. * * * The red sediments of which it is composed are at several points covered tmcon- 

 formably by isolated areas of gray rocks, having usually a much less incliaation and belonging 

 to the Millstone grit series, or the basal portion of the coal measures. * * * Being uncon- 

 formable alike to the older slates upon which they rest, and to the newer gray rocks which 

 succeed them upon the north, these sediments present in their distribution great irregularity, 

 fiilluig on the one hand depressions and indentations in the imderlying formation, while on the 

 other they are themselves often wholly or partially concealed by the deposits of the Millstone 

 grit. * * * 



The rocks being greatly disturbed, Ells and BaUey give the following section — 



as probably representing the true succession, while the thicknesses given are in each case the 

 least assignable to the different groups, allowance being made for their apparent increase by 

 faulting. The order is an ascending one. 



Feet. 



1. Basal conglomerate, sometimes wanting; when present usually of a dull greenish color, less 



coarse than the conglomerates which succeed, and made up mostly of slaty fragments. 

 Thickness unknown. 



2. Calcareo-bituminous shales, from gray to dark brown in color, and including the so-called 



"Albert shales." At the base these beds are unconformably overlain by brownish-red 

 sandy shale 850 



3. Gray bituminous and micaceous oil-bearing sandstones and coarse conglomerates, in massive 



beds of very various composition, usually of a reddish tint; less rubbly and more calcareous 

 than those of division 1 700 



4. Red and gray calcareous, sandy, and argillaceous beds, in frequent alternations, with thin 



beds of conglomerate and toward the top heavy beds of fine, rubbly brownish-red shales. . 450 



5. Red and gray conglomerate, gray flaggy limestone, and gypsum 1,950 



In his report for 1884 (published in 1886) Ells "^ repeats the above section with- 

 out modification and describes many local sections in New Brunswick and Nova 

 Scotia. 



Fletcher ^^^ reported on the geology of the northern counties of Nova Scotia 

 (Richmond, Inverness, Guysborough, and Antigonish) in 1879-80, giving many 



