PENNSYLVANIAN. 473 



L 19-30. NEW BRTJNSWICK. 



The Carboniferous of New Brunswick comprises Mississippian, Pennsylvanian, 

 and Permian strata. Bailey has summed up the general facts in an article, quoted 

 at some length in Chapter VIII, from which the following *^^ regarding the " Coal 

 Measures" is taken: 



The contrast between the above-described rocks [lower Carboniferous] and those of the 

 coal formation is, in the central counties, usually very marked, the bright-red color so charac- 

 teristic of the one being replaced by an equally characteristic gray color in the other, while at 

 the same time the strata cease to be calcareous. The basal beds of the coal formation are espe- 

 cially noticeable as being very hght colored and almost entirely made up of well-rounded pebbles 

 of white quartz. Conglomerates which are somewhat less coarse occur also higher in the series, 

 but with them are beds of coarse sandstone and thinner beds of shale, with, in places, thin 

 seams of coal. Upon the shore of the Baie des Chaleurs about 50 feet of fine shales, gray, 

 green, or red in color, with hmestone nodules, extend for several miles in the coastal cliffs about 

 New Brandon, resting upon gray sandstones, but over the larger part of the central coal field 

 the absence of fine sediments is a noticeable and unpromising feature. 



Though gray is the prevaiHng color in the rocks of the coal formation, it is necessary to 

 add that it is not unfrequently replaced by a dark purple tint. Occasionally also the beds are 

 reddish, but where this is the case it is always a question whether the rocks so colored are not 

 of the next division, viz, the newer coal formation or Permo-Carboniferous. 



The only data available with regard to the thickness of the coal formatio'n in the Central 

 Basin is that to be derived from borings, particulars of which will be given later. The greatest 

 attained at Grand Lake was 400 feet. At Dunsinane, in Kings County, a depth of 1,200 feet 

 was reached, apparently aU in the Carboniferous. In Westmoreland County north of Moncton 

 a depth of 700 feet has been reached in apparently Carboniferous strata. In Albert, where the 

 strata are more highly tilted, the Carboniferous rocks alternate, by displacement, with lower 

 Carboniferous beds, but never attain any considerable thickness. 



