Torilis.] UMBELLIFERiE. 



217 



On banks, in waste places, along hedges and borders of fields, woods, &c. ; very 

 common. Fl. July— September. Fr. September, October. 2f , 



iJootslender, tapering, rigid, usually more branched and crooked than in T.infesta, 

 whitish and woody as in that. Stem erect, from 1 or 2 to 4 or 5 feel high, filled 

 with pith like the following, terete below, somewhat angular above, finely striate, 

 the strise purplish, more or less rough, especially upwards, with retrorse, appressed, 

 rigid hairs from the very root,* considerably but far less copiously branched, the 

 branches long, slender, wavy, erecto-patent, rough and angular, sparingly forked. 

 Leaves comparatively few and distant, from the great length of ' the internodes, 

 mostly confined to and subtending the forks of the branches, in form nearly 

 exactly the same as in the following but larger, the lowermost a span long, some- 

 what less rouj{h and of a brighter green, the segments of the leaflets rather broader 

 and less deeply and acutely incised, at least in those of the inferior stem- and 

 root-leaves, for the superior leaves are precisely similar in both species. General 

 involucres of about as many leaves as rays to the umbel or fewer, and not half 

 their length, unequal, hispid, subappressed, and shaped with long taper points ; 

 the partial involucres about equal in length and number to the outer rays of the 

 umbellets, similar to the general ones. Umbels solitary, terminal, on very long 

 slender peduncles or naked branches, much larger than those of the following, 1| 

 to 2 inches or more wide, lax and open, about 8 — 10 rayed, the rays slender.f 

 hispid with appressed bristles directed upwards ; umbellets flat, many-rayed, the 

 outer rays longer thmi the fruit (in T. infesta they are much shorter), hispid, 

 spreading in flower, erect in fruit. Flowers somewhat larger than in T. infesta, 

 the exterior ones in each umbellet hermaphrodite, but often, as it seems to me, 

 wanting the stamens, unless it be that these latter are early deciduous, the inte- 

 rior flowers slaminate only, and diflering less from the outer in size than in T. 

 infesta. Calyx-teeth triangular, acuminate, often purplish at the tips. Petals 

 white or commonly tinged with rose-red, a little bristly at the back ; those of the 

 exterior flowers flat and radiant, lobed and shaped as in the following, but less 

 unequal in size; of the interior or staminate blossoms somewhat smaller than 

 of the outer, and less flattened, otherwise very similar. Stamens about as long 

 as the corolla ; filaments white ; anthers purplish ; pollen white. Styles 

 exactly as in T. infesta, and, as in that, elongated and recurved over the fruit ; 

 stylopodes often purplish like the anthers. Syndicarps quite similar in form to 

 those of T. infesta but smaller, the 3 dorsal or primary (secondary, Koch) ridges 

 obsolete ; these latter beset with only a double row of scabrous prickies, that are 

 shorter and more distant than in T. infesta, and terminate in a simple straight or 

 erect, noi spreading or deflexed point; the interposed rows of white appressed 

 spinules in T. infesta are quite wanting to this species. Carpophore deeply 

 bipartite. 



The fruit, as Curtis remarks, has a stronger aroma than that of T. infesta. 



2. T. infesta, Spr. Spreading Hedge Parsley. " Leaves bipin- 

 nate, leaflets ovate incise-pinnatifid serrated, umbels stalked ter- 

 minal, involucre wanting or of one, partial of few subulate leaves." 

 —Br. Fl. p. 180. Caucalis, E. B. t. 1314. Jacq. Fl. Aust. i. 28, 

 t. 46. 



In waste and cultivated ground, by waysides, and especially amongst corn ; 

 abundantly. Fl. June — September. Fr. September, October. 0. 



Much too plentiful in our stifl' wheat-lands about Ryde. 



Root annual, whitish, long, slender, tapering, rigid and woody. Stem erect, 

 very hard and rigid, from a foot or much under that to 18 or 20 inches high, 



* The base of the stem is often subglabrous, but wanting the smoothness arjd 

 polish observable in T. infesta. 



f The rays are much slenderer and less rigid than in T. infesta, and hence the 

 umbels droop sometimes after gathering. 



2 F 



