^ ^ ^- VhMA.CEM . [ Ulmus . 



t? 1. U. SMfeerosa, Ehrh. Cork-harked Elm. " Leaves nearly 

 orbicular acute obliquely cordate at the base sharply regularly 

 and doubly serrated always scabrous above pubescent below 

 chiefly hairy in the axil, branches spreading bright brown winged 

 with corky excrescences when young very hairy, fruit nearly round 

 deeply cloven naked."— Zi».cZ. Syn. p. 236. Svi. E. Fl. ii. p. 21. 

 Br. Fl. p. 376. E. B. xxxi. t. 2161 (excellent). Hunters Evel. 

 Syl. i. p. 114 (U. campestris). Loud. Arbr. Brit. Guimpel. und 

 Hayne, Abbild. der Deutsch. Holtzart. ii. 38, t. 28 (optima). 



Abundant all over the island in hedgerows and along the borders of woods; by 

 far the most plentiful Elm with us, yet not certainly indigenous. FL March, 

 April. Ft: May. Tj .* 



F. Med.—Jn the Elm-close copse, bv St. John's. Woods near Park farm, by 

 Netllestone. Breaches copse, behind White-cliff bay. 



W. Med. — Wood, called Bush Kuw, by Mottestone, between the church and 

 the sea, mainly composed of this species. 



The most common timber-tree in our hedgerows, more frequent even than the 

 Oak, and thriving better on our wet clay about Ryde. About Nettlestone and at 

 Qiiarr abbey are some of the largest elms in the island. 



A timber-tree of the first magnitude, from 60 to 80 or 100 feet high, emitting 

 copious suckers from the root, and even from the trunk at a considerable height, 

 the branches spreading irregularly and much divided, hairy at their lips, covered, 

 as well as the trunk, with a rough deeply cleft or chapped bark, which on very 

 small and young trees often forms winged appendages of a corky texture. Leaves 

 roundish ovate, acuminate or shortly cuspidate, very unequal at the base, coarsely, 

 unequally and doubly serrate, 2—3 inches long, firm, dark green, a little shining 

 and scabrous above, beneath pubescent, with downy tufts in the axils of the prin- 

 cipal ribs. Petioles short, round, hairy. Flowers produced long before the leaves, 

 shortly pedicellate, pale reddish or purplish, crowded into small, roundish, sessile 

 or occasionally somewhat stalked clusters. Bracts thin, coloured, fringed, solitary 

 at the base of each flower-stalk and soon falling away. Perianth downy, in 4 or 

 6 rounded segments, that are fringed in all my specimens, though described as 

 smooth by Mr. Leightou, and so drawn in E. Botany. Stamens 4 or 6 (usually 

 but 4), much exserted ; filaments reddish ; anthers large, dark purple, bursting 

 outwardly, each cell with a deep furrow. Styles small, short, not coloured ; 

 stigma densely fringed, moderately curved and spreading. 



2. U. glabra, Mill. Smooth-leaved Wych Elm. " Leaves ovato- 

 lanceolate acuminate doubly and evenly crenato- serrate cuneate 

 and oblique at the base becoming quite smooth above smooth or 



suberosa, was perhaps derived to us by impoitation from a remote period. Our 

 U. campestris is certainly not the Linnman tree of that name, as I am convinced 

 by inspection of the original specimen iu the Linnaeau herbarium, and which is 

 rather our U. montana or some one of its varieties, the only kind indigenous to 

 Sweden. The U. campestris of Smith, which I have not seen in this island, 

 though found at Lymiiigton, &c., is, 1 apprehend, a form of U. suberosa with 

 very small leaves, and to these I suspect must be joined U. major, which indeed, 

 except by its aspect, I know not how to distinguish from U. suberosa. Our U. 

 glabra I regard as a mere form of U. montana, but in deference to higher autho- 

 rity I have refrained from uniting these last, as the propriety of doing so may 

 still be questioned. 



* In flower by the middle of February, 1842, and in full bloom before the end 

 of the month about Ryde. 



