2 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



(other superf amilies) ; csBca absent (except in Galbulse); flexor 

 tendons of type VI, the tendon of the flexor hallucis sending a 

 strong vinculum to that of the flexor perforans digitorum, the tendon 

 of which goes to the third toe only; intestinal convolutions (so far 

 as known) of type VII; semiteni^osus muscle present; accessory 

 femoro-caudal muscle absent; dorsal pteryla not forked between 

 shoulders; adult downs absent; aftershaft present (but sometimes 

 rudimentary); oil-gland tufted (Pici, Capitones, Ramphastides) or 

 naked (Galbulae) ; secondaries quinto-cubital; young gymnopsedic and 

 nidicolous. 



KEY TO THE STTPERPAMILIES OF PICARlal. 



a. Temporal foBsse very deep; thoracic hsemapophyses without lateral ventral enlarge- 

 ments; furcula without hypocleideum; ectepicondyloid process of humerus pres- 

 ent ; only one carotid artery (the left) ; cseca absent ; oil-gland tufted ; wing-coverts -! 

 oscinine (a row of proximally overlapping middle coverts present). 

 h. Palate saurognathous or segitho-schizognathoiis; lateral halves of vomer separated; 

 processus angularis mandibulae present (short); clavicles united to form a 

 furculum; manubrial rostrum bifurcate; myological formula AX; tongue ex- 

 tensile Pici (p. 2) . 



66. Palate desmognathous or segithognathous; lateral halves of vomer coalesced; 

 processus angularis mandibulae absent; clavicles separated; manubrial ros- 

 trum pointed; myological formula AXY; tongue not extensile. 

 c. Aftershaft present; palate usually aegithognathous (sometimes desmognathous); 

 vomer bifurcate ; spina externa long, somewhat forked ; bill not highly special- 

 ized, little if any longer than head (usually shorter), broad basally, the cul- 

 men neither strongly decurved nor uncinate terminally. . . Capitones (p. 310). 

 cc. Aftershaft wanting or rudimentary; palate desmognathous; vomer truncate; 

 spina externa long, not paired; biU highly specialized, much longer than 

 head, compressed throughout, the culmen strongly decurved terminally, 



and distinctly uncinate Ramphastides (p. 327). 



aa. Temporal fossse shallow or moderately deep; thoracic hsemapophyses with lateral 

 ventral enlargements; furcula with hypocleideum; ectepicondyloid process of 

 humerus absent; two carotid arteries; cseca present; oil-gland nude; wing-coverts 

 nonoscinine (the proximally overlapping middle covert row wanting or im- 

 perfectly developed) Galbulse (p. 359). 



S-u.perfam.ily FICI. 



WOODPECKERS AND WRYKECKS. 



=SagittiUngues Illiger, Prodromus Om., 1811, 205. 



=[Zygodactyl'i] Macroglossi Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, 26. 



=Pici (not of Meyer and Wolf, 1810) Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amphib. mit Vorang. 

 Saugth. und Vog., 1830, 81.— Carits, Handb. Zool., i, 1868-75, 242.— Stjndb- 

 VALL, Met. Nat. Av. Disp. Tent., i, 1872, 72.— Solatbr, Ibis, 1880, 350.— 

 Sharps, Eev. Classif. Birds, 1891, 84; Hand-Kst, ii, 1900, 200. 



=Picidse Bonaparte, Saggio dist. An. Vert., 1831, 40; Consp. Av., i, 1850, 

 112.— Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., iv, 1863, 1.— Fuerbringer, 

 Unters. Morph. Syst. Vog., ii, 1888, 1392.— Lilueborg, Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 Lond., 1866, 16, 19. 



= Celeo7norphx Htjxley, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1867, 467. 



=Picifonnes Coties, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1884, 476. 



=Saurognaihse Parker, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. — Cope, Am. Nat., xxiii Oct 

 1889, 872. ' ■' 



=Picoidd Cope, Am. Nat., xxiii, Oct., 1889, 872, 873. 



