48 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, 377 (St. Thomafl).— Sclatkh, Cat. Am. 



Birds, 1862, 341 (Vi6que8 I., near Porto Rico).— Tatloe, Ibis, 1864, 170.— 



Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus., Picida, 1868, 115.— Gundlach, Joum. fflr Om., 



1874, 312; 1878, 160, 183 (habits; descr. nest and eggs); Anal. Soc. Esp. 



Hist. Nat., vii, 1878, 227.— Cost, Auk, iii, 1886, 377; Birds West Ind., 



1889, 172; Cat. W. I. Birds, 1892, 12, 104, 132.— Hakgitt, Cat. Birda Brit. 



Mus., xviii, 1890, 159 (Porto Rico and Vieques I.).— Bowdish, Auk, xix, 



1902, 365 (habits); xx, 1903, 194 (food). 

 [Melanerpes] portoricensis Gray, Hand-list, ii, 1870, 201, no. 8819.— Solateb 



and Salvin, Nom. Av. Neotr., 1873, 100.— Coby, List. Birds West Ind., 



1885, 20.— Shakpe, Hand-list, ii, 1900, 210. 

 Melampicus porto^ricensis Malherbe, Mon. Picid., ii, 1862, 205; iv, 1862, pi. 97, 



fig. 5. 

 Pieus rubidieoUis Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept., ii, 1807, 63, pi. 117; Nouv. Diet. 



d'Hist. Nat., xxvi, 1818, 75.— Shaw, Gen. Zool., ix, 1815, 156. 

 P[icMs] rubidieoUis Bonnaterre and Vieillot, Enc. Mdth., iii, 1823, 1321.— 



Waglbb, Syst. Av., 1827, Picus, ep'. 62. — Drapiez, Diet. Class., xiii, 



1828, 499. 

 M[elanerpes] rubidieoUis Gray, Gen. Birds, ii, 1846, 444.— Reichenbach, Handb. 



Scans. Picinse, 1854, 383, pi. 643, figs. 4289-90. 

 [Melanerpes] rubidieoUis Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 115; Ateneo Italiano, 



ii, 1854, 125. — Lichtenstein, Nom. Av. Mus. Berol., 1854, 76. 

 Pieus carolinus (not of Linnaeus) Lesson, Trait6 d'Om., i, 1831, 227. 



Genus CENTURUS S-wainson. 



Centurus Swainson, Classif. Birds, ii, 1837, 310. (Type, by monotypy, Pims 



caroUnus Linnaeus.) 

 Zehrapicus Malherbe, M6m. Acad. Metz., xxx, 1849, 360. (Type, Pieus carolinus 



Llnnseus.) 



Kather large to small Picidse (wing 95-158 mm.) resembling 

 Mdanerpes in form but with relatively longer tail (about two-thirds 

 as long as wing instead of half to three-fifths as long), plumage of 

 throat and chest always soft and blended and never red, and with 

 back and wings (except primaries), sometimes rump, upper tail- 

 coverts and tail also, conspicuously barred with white and black. 



Bill slightly shorter to decidedly longer than head, its length 

 from nostril usually about as long as tarsus (decidedly greater only 

 in C. swperdliaris and related species and C. radiolatus), usually 

 more slender than in Melanerpes; culmen very faintly to rather dis- 

 tinctly convex, distinctly though not sharply ridged; gonys much 

 longer than mandibular rami, nearly straight, ascending terminally, 

 more or less prominent basally, not distinctly ridged (except, some- 

 times, terminally); supranasal ridge sometimes distinct for basal 

 half (more or less) of maxilla, sometimes nearly obsolete. Nostril 

 broadly oval, situated about midway between culmen and tomium, 

 more or less covered by small, antrorse, prefrontal plumes; feathers 

 of malar apex antrorse, bristly-tipped, those of chin with semiantrorse 



