BIBDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMEEICA. 187 



Coloration. — Inner webs of remiges spotted or banded with whitish, 

 at least on proximal portion, but no white spots on outer webs; 

 general color of upper parts plain olive-brown, olive, yellowish olive, 

 golden olive or russet, or bright' red; under parts usually barred 

 with olive or dusky and whitish, sometimes plain oUve (like upper 

 parts), sometimes plain whitish (the upper surface bright red); 

 adult males with pileum or nape (or both) bright red. 



Range. — Southeastern Mexico to southern Brazil, Argentina, 

 Bolivia, and Peru. (About twenty-six species, mostly South 

 American.) 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OP VBNILIORNIS. 



0. Under parts plain smoky brown or tawny-olive. ( Veniliomis oleaginus.) 

 b. Sides of head conspicuously paler than general color, the orbital region dull 

 whitish; chin and upper throat dull whitish, mottled with dark grayish. 

 (Highlands in States of San Luis Potosi, Puebla, and Vera Cruz, eastern 



Mexico.) Veniliornis oleaginus oleaginus (p. 188) 



66. Sides of head not conspicuously paler than general color, the orbital region, 

 chin, and upper throat pale brown or buffy brown, 

 c. Smaller (wing 82-98.5, tail 40-54.5, culmen 18.5-22.5, tarsus 15-19); colora- 

 tion averaging deeper and brighter. (State of Vera Cruz to western Panama.) 



Veniliornis oleaginus saugninoleutus (p. 190). 

 ec. Larger (wing 96-97, tail 49-50, culmen 21-24, tarsus 18.5-19); coloration 

 averaging lighter and duller. (Mountains of Colombia and Venezuela to 

 Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina.) 



Veniliomis oleaginus fumigatus (extralimital)." 



aa. Under parts barred with grayish brown or olive and dull whitish. ( Veniliomis 



hirkii.) 



b. Wing-coverts with distinct small spots or streaks of yellow. 



c. Coloration darker, the dusky bars on under parts much broader, the back, 



etc., less yellowish; larger (wing averaging 88.7, tail 54, culmen 22.2, tarsus 



16.5). (Tobago and Trinidad.) Veniliomis kirkii kirkii (extralimital).B 



" Picas fumigatus Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny, Voy. Am. M6rid., iv, pt. 3, 1839, 380, 

 pi. 65, fig. 1 (Province of Oorrientes, Argentina, to Chiquitos, Bolivia); Sundevall, 

 Consp. Picin., 1866, 35. — Dendrobates fumigatus Gray, Gen. Birds, iii, 1849, App. 

 p. 21; Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xviii, 1890, 342. — [Chloronerpes] fumigatus 

 Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 118. — Mesopicus fumigatus Malherbe, Mon. Pic, ii, 

 1862, 54, pi. 57, figs. 3, 4. — P[haeonerpes'] fumigatus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., 

 iv, heft2, 1863, 139. — Veniliomis fumigatus Oberholser, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 

 June 2, 1899,205. 



This South American bird almost certainly requires subdivision. 



^P[icus] (Chloropieus) kirkii Malherbe, Rev. ZooL, viii, Nov., 1845, 400 (Tobago; 

 coU. Brit. Mus.). — C[hloronerpes] kirkii Gray, Gen. Birds, ii, 1846, 443. — Chrysoptilus 

 KrKJardine, Contr. Orn., 1848, 15, pi. 2. — Mesopicus Hrin Malherbe, Mon. Picid., 

 iii, 1861, pi. 59, figs. 7, 8.— Chloronerpes kirkii Sclater, Cat. Am. Birds, 1862, 338 

 (Trinidad). — E[rythronerpes] kirki Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., iv, heft 2, 1863, 

 144, footnote (Tobago; Trinidad). — Picas kirkii Sundevall, Consp. Picin., 1866, 36. — 

 Dendrobates kirki Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xviii, 1890, 365, part (Trinidad; 

 Tobago). — Veniliornis kirkii Oberholser, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. PhUa., June 2, 1899, 

 205. — Veniliornis kirkii kirkii Hellmayr, Novit. ZooL, xiii, Feb., 1906, 39 (Tobago; 

 Trinidad). 



