BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 623 



a little less than one-third the total length of wing; seventh and 

 hth, or seventh, eighth, and ninth," primaries longest, the tenth 

 iparent outermost) shorter than fourth * (sometimes equal to sec- 

 i ") ; two outer primaries with inner webs emarginated or sinuated 

 lar tip). Tail less than two-thirds as long as wing, truncate or 

 y slightly rounded. Tarsus about as long as middle toe without 

 w, densely clothed (all round) with long, soft feathers, the toes 

 lilarly feathered, except on terminal phalanges and under side 

 tiolly naked in C. ridgwayi, which, however, may possibly belong 

 the genus Gisella).^ 



Coloration. — ^Adults brown above more or less spotted with white; 

 leath white broadly striped with brown or russet. Young essen- 

 lly like adults above, but under parts plain brown anteriorly, 

 iraceous posteriorly, the face plain dusky strongly contrasted with 

 ite superciliary marks. 



Range. — Colder parts of Northern Hemisphere. (Three species; 

 3 of circumpolar range, two peculiar to North America, where rang- 

 ; southward to high mountains of Costa Rica.) 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES Oi? CRYPTOGLAUX. 



Larger (wing 165 mm. or more, tail 101.5 mm. or more) ; adults with pileum spotted 



with, white, young with under parts mostly plain sooty brown. (Cryptoglaux 



tengmalmi.) 



. JPaler and smaller (wing 165 in male, 168.5 in female); legs whitish, usually 



immaculate; under tail-coverts narrowly streaked with brown. (Northern 



Europe and Asia.) Cryptoglaux tengmalmi tengmalmi (extralimital).« 



Third and fourth, or second, third, and fourth, from outside, not counting the 

 imentary eleventh. 

 Eighth from outside. 

 Ninth from outside. 

 See page 619. 



(?) [Strix] funerea Linnseus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 93, part (based on Fauna 

 cica, 51); ed. 12, i, 1766, 133.— Nyctale funerea Bonaparte, Cat. Met. Ucc. Eur., 

 2, 24. — Ululafunerea Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, Striges, 1862, 8. — Syrniumfunerewm 

 iglin, Om. Nord-Ost Africa, i, 1869, 123. — Cryptoglaux funerea funerea American 

 ithologists' Union, Check List, 3rd ed., 1910, 171. — [Strix\ tengmalmi GmeUn, 

 t. Nat., i, pt. 1, 1788, 291 (Sweden; baspd on Tengmabn, Act. Stockh. Ann. 1783, 

 1. V).— Strix tengmalmi Naumann, Vog. Deutschl., i, 1822, 500, pi. 48, figs. 2, 3. — 

 •tua tengmalmi Cuvier, Rfegne Anim., ed. 2, 1829, 345; Gtould, Birds Europe, i, 

 18, Sept. 1, 1836, pi. 49. — Nyctala tengmalmi Bonaparte, Geog. and Comp. List, 

 3, 7, part; Gray, Gen. Birds, i, 1844, pi. 14, fig. 7; Gould, Birds Great Brit., i, 

 i, pi. 36. — Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., ii, 1875, 284, part. — [Nyctale ten,gmalmi\ 

 . tengmalmi Ridgway, in Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. Birds, iii, 

 1, 39. — Strix passerina dasypus Bechstein, AUgem. Uebersicht der Vogel, i, 1793, 

 ,— Strix dasypus Bechstein, Getreue Abbild. Naturh. Gegenst., i, heft 9, 1796, 

 , in text; Meyer and Wolf, Vog. Deutschl., i, 1810, 82, pi. 6. — Nyctale dasypus 

 y, List Gen. Birds, 1840, 6. — Nyctale planiceps, N. pinetorum, and N. abietinum, 

 hm, Isis, 1828, 127. — Nyctale minor and N. baedecheri Brehm, Naumannia, 1855, 



