772 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Nycteanivea americxma Brbhm, Verz. Samml. C. L. Brehm, 1866, 2. 



[Strix] scandiaca Linn^btts, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, i, 1766, 132 (Sweden; based on 

 Strix capite aurito, corpore albido Linnseus, Fauna Suecica, 16). — Latham, 

 Index Om., i, 1790, 53. 



Strix scandiaca Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., ix, 1817, 600.— Nuttall, Man. 

 Om. U. S. and Can., Water Birds, 1834, 561; Land Birds, ed. 2, 1840, 133.— 

 Malmgren, Joum. fiir Om., 1865, 396. 



Nyctea scandiaca Newton, ed. Yarrell's Hiat. Brit. Birds, ui, 1872, 187.^Deessbr, 

 Birds Europe, v, pt. xxiii-xxiv, 1873, 287.— Coubs, Birds Northwest, 1874, 

 309; Check List, 2d ed., 1882, no. 479.— Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., ii, 1875, 

 125.— Deanb, Bull. Nutt. Om. Club, ii, 1877, 9 (New England records for 

 winter of 1876-77).— Fbilden, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877, 31 (North Polar 

 Basin), 403 (Grinnell Land, lat. 82° 27' to 82° 40'; Discovery Bay, lat. 81° 

 44').— RiDGWAT, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., iii, 1880, 192; Nom. N. Am. Birds, 

 1881, no. 406.— Bbndire, Bull. Nutt. Om. Club, vii, 1882, 58 (Ft. Walla 

 Walla, Washington).— Nelson, Cruise "Corwin" in 1881 (1883), 76 (resident 

 in Alaska from mouth of Kuskoquim R. northward; habits). — McLenegan, 

 Craise of "Corwin," 1884, 117 (Kowak R., n. w. Alaska; habits).— Rbid, 

 Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 25, 1884, 216 (Bermudas; 2 specs, autumn 1843; 

 1 spec, Nov. 29, 1853). 



N[yctea\ scandiaca CorES, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1884, 510. 



[Nyctea scandiaca] var. scandiaca Ridgwat, in Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. 

 N. Am. Birds, iii, 1874, 61. 



Nyctea scandiaca, var. arctica Ridgway, in Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. 

 Am. Birds, iii, 1874, 70 (ex Strix arcticus, capite levi, corporetoto niveo, the 

 great white owl, Bartram, Travels, 289). 



Nyctea scandiaca arctica Goode, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 20, 1883, 331. 



B[ubo] scandiaca . var. arctica Ridgwat, Ann. Lye. N. Y., x, Jan., 1874, 379 

 (Illinois). 



Nyctia arctica Bendiee, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H., xix, 1877, 132 (Camp Harney, 

 Oregon). 



Bubo nycterus Pyceaet, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., sec. ser., vii, 1898, 241. 



Genus SURNIA Dumeril. 



Swmia Dumeril, Zool. Analytique, 1806, 34. (Type, as designated by Gray, 



1841, Strix ulula Linnaeus.) 

 Nycihierax a Sundevall, Met. Nat. Av. Disp. Tent., 1873, 106. (New name for 



Sumia Dumeril.) 



Medium sized Bubonidae (wing about 218-251 nun.) without ear- 

 tufts; with long and graduated tail, straight and narrow-tipped 

 primaries, and very densely feathered toes. 



Bill strong, the mandibular tomium with a very distinct terminal 

 notch; cere on top much shorter than chord of culmen, straight, 

 sUghtly ascending basally. NostrU relatively small, rather narrowly 

 oval or elliptical, obliquely vertical, openiag near middle of anterior 

 edge of cere. External ear-openings rather smaU, vertically elliptical, 

 symmetrical, without marginal flap or transverse ligament, the 

 greatest diameter slightly less than diameter of eye, the upper end 

 about opposite middle of the latter, the lower nearly on a line with 



» vu? nox et hpaS, accipiter. (Sundevall.) 



