302 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY 



133] descriptive of the pappus of the male flower only. Its 

 species are Gnaphalium dioicum Linn., alpinmn L., car- 

 paticum Wahlenberg, plantagineum L., and margarita- 

 ceum L. 



The second tribe, consisting of Gnaphalium Leontopodium 

 124] and Leontopodioides , which may be called Leonto- 

 PODiuiM, is in affinity intermediate between Afitennaria and 

 Gnaphalium as here limited, but has sufficient characters 

 to distinguish it from both. 



The third tribe has been found only in South Africa, 

 and consists of shrubs with small rigid heath-like leaves, 

 of which the margins are incurved, the upper surface 

 tomentose, and the under convex and nearly smooth ; but 

 by a remarkable twisting they are in most of the species 

 resupinate; a character which seems to have been over- 

 looked in all the described species ; namely, Gnaphalium 

 muricatimi, mucronatmn, and seriphioides. In this tribe, 

 or genus, which may be named Metalasia, the involucrum 

 is generally cylindrical, and in most of the species has a 

 short radius formed by the spreading coloured laminae of 

 the inner scales ; the fiosculi are few in number, and all 

 hermaphrodite ; and the radii of the pappus, which fall off 

 separately, are either thickened or more strongly toothed 

 at top. 



Galea pinifolia does not even belong to this genus, 

 though it has a nearly similar habit ; but the margins of 

 its leaves are revolute, and their tomentum chiefly on the 

 under surface. In these respects, as well as in the prin- 

 cipal characters of fructification, it agrees with several 

 shrubs, chiefly of New Holland and Van Diemen's Island ; 

 among which are Eupatorium ferruffineuvi, Eupaforium 

 rosmarinifolium, and Ghrysocoma cinerea of M. Labillar- 

 diere. Part of these have the inner squamae of the invo- 

 lucrum simple, as seems to be the case in Galea pinifolia ; 



anUierae are evidently imperfect, and which generally produces ripe seeds, is 

 represented in English Botany (tab. 38), in Flora Danica (281), and probably 

 also in Svensk Botanik (170). For my knowledge of this fact respecting Ser- 

 ratula tindoria I am indebted to the Rev. Robert Bree of Camberwell, who 

 pointed out to me both its states, which he was then disposed to consider as 

 distinct species. 



