PLANTS JAVANICJ3 RARIORES. 593 



inner membrane, while in the valve of the straight capsule 

 the vertically elongated stratum has a manifest inner cover- 

 ing, consisting of transversely elongated cells, which no 

 doubt counteract the tendency to torsion of the longitudinal 

 fibres. But the transversely elongated cells are found in 

 the inflected or placentiferous portion of the elongated 

 capsule, both in the twisted and straight-fruited genera; 

 and their function here seems to be to determine the invo- 

 lution or revolution of the ovuliferous margin, which in 

 these fruits is probably necessary for the protection of the 

 seeds even after dehiscence. 



The more remarkable differences in placentation are 

 almost always important : thus, in many genera the ovula 

 are produced on the inner surface of the margin only ; in 

 others both surfaces are equally productive : and in some, 

 the production, instead of being confined to the marginal 

 region, extends over the whole of the inflected and included 

 portion of the carpel. 



The SEEDS are generally pendulous, but in a few genera, 

 as Epithema and Loxocarpus, erect ; and in some others 

 they vary in pericarpial direction, according to their dif- 

 ferent heights in the same placenta. They are always 

 minute, generally oval, oblong, or nearly cylindrical, and 

 inserted at or very near one extremity; in most cases 

 sessile, or nearly so, but in a few furnished with a very 

 long and extremely slender funiculus. 



Although the ovulum is anatropous, there is no apparent 

 raphe in the ripe seed. The capillary appendages existing 

 in some cases at both extremities of the seed vary consider- 

 ably in number and form in that genus where they are 

 most remarkable, namely jEschynanthus, in which, as well 

 as in Agalmyla, and probably in Tromsdorffia, they are 

 mere appendages, performing no other function ; but in 

 Lysionotus the upper hair in the pendulous seed is in 

 reality its funiculus or attenuated base. 



The integument of the ripe seed is, in most cases, appa- 

 rently simple ; but in a few, especially jEschynanthus, the 

 inner membrane is easily separable from the testa. 



Before the complete ripening of the seed, the semifluid 



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