32 HISTORY OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 



years of the Ungerian period, which is next to be con- 

 sidered. They were of little influence, however, and to 

 be considered only as echoes of a point of view already 

 on its way to the limbo of scientific rejecta. Sorauer 

 (1909 : 49) refers to one such published in I8I8.1 



The pubUcation in 1807 by Freiherr von Wemeck of 

 his Investigations in plant pathology and therapy,^ 

 and the Essay, theoretical and practical, on diseases of 

 plants,' by the Italian Filippo Re, mark the close of this 

 period. Both were philosophical rather than practical, 

 following much the same lines as those of their contem- 

 poraries. 



The characteristic features of the Zallingerian period 

 may be summarized as follows: (1) Phytopathologic 

 thought and writings were distinctly taxonomic; (2) 

 the basis of classification was symptomologic; (3) modem 

 practices in plant disease control had their beginnings 

 in this period; (4) the cause of disease in plants was gener- 

 ally attributed to occult influences or to the effects of 

 the elements, especially unfavorable soil, winds, low 

 temperatures, and the like, but the theory of the auto- 

 genetic nature of disease was beginning to take form. 



'*Burdach, Heinrich: Systematisches Handbuch der Obstbaum- 

 krankheiten, Berlin, 1818. 



'- * Wemeck (L. F. F.), Freiherr von: Versuch einer Pflanzen Patho- 

 logic und Therapie; ein Beitrag zur hohern Forstwissenschaft, pp. 1-60, 

 Mannheim, 1807. 



= R6, Filippo: Saggio teorico pratico suUe malattie delle piante, pp. 

 1-437, Venice, 1807. A second edition appeared in 1817 from Milan, 

 pp. 1-331. An English translation of this appeared in Card. Chron., 1849, 

 p. 211, and running throughout the numbers for nearly two years. An 

 earlier work of the same sort, under the title: * Saggio di nosologia 

 vegetabile, Mem. di Mat. e di Fisica Soc. Ital. delle Sci., 12 : 2 : 225-255, 

 appeared in 1805. 



