28 HISTORY or PHYTOPATHOLOGY 



example, that fungi found associated with disease lesions 

 are distinct organisms and not morbid plant tissues, a 

 view which was not to be generally accepted until more 

 than seventy-five years later. He was primarily an 

 entomologist and his phytopathologic writings had little 

 influence on contemporary phytopathologic thought. 

 His name is nevertheless not to be forgotten, for he stands 

 forth as one of those geniuses whose misfortune it was to 

 have lived and thought long before the world was able 

 to understand them (Lind, 1913 : 19, 20). 



Michel Adanson, another noted French botanist of 

 this period, also contributed a chapter to the maladies of 

 plants in his work on Families des Plantes.' He follows 

 Tournefort and Fabricius in classification and terminol- 

 ogy (Sorauer, 1909 : 46). 



The most striking phytopathologic publication of this 

 period is that by Johann Baptista Zallinger, De morbis 

 plantarum, a German translation of which appeared in 

 1779.^ In this work the attempt to utilize the terminology 

 of animal pathology reached its climax. Zallinger made 

 five general classes of plant diseases, viz. : (1) Phlegmasiae, 

 or inflammatory diseases, (2) paralysis or debility, (3) 

 discharges or draining, (4) cachexia, or bad constitution, 

 and (5) chief defects of different organs. Zallinger 

 strongly upheld the idea that fungi found associated 



' .\danson, Michel: Maladies des plantes. 7» Families des plantes, 

 1 : 42-53, 1763. 



- Zallinger, J. B.: De morbis plantarum cognoscendis et curandis dis- 

 sertatio exphaenomensis deducta. (Diss.), pp. 1-137 -|- apx. Oemponti, 

 1773. Translated into German by Johann Grafen von Auersberg under 

 the title .\bhandlung iiber die Krankheiten der Pflanzen, ihrer Kenntniss 

 und Heilung; aus dem Lateinischen ubersetzt, pp. 1-6 -|- 1-143, Augs- 

 burg, 1779. According to Berkeley (Gard. Chron., 1854 : 20) a German 

 translation of this appeared as late as 1809. 



