MARCH. 21 
dark brown, and shiny, which in the females become more 
or less orange ; thighs and legs, a tortoise shell mixture of 
light orange and dark brown; the dark at the joints. 
Hatches in good numbers this month, and is an excellent 
day fly into May. 
Head, shoulders, and body, orange silk, more or less 
waxed ; wings, a partridge grey feather from the side of 
the breast, that is tinged brown; legged with a freckled 
hackle from a red or yellow-dun hen. The following arti- 
ficial fly, called the Royal Charlie, and which named the 
above, has been proved a good fly in the Laver, where the 
Royal Charlie is numerous, and perhaps represents them. 
Crimson silk, head, shoulders, and body, with a small piece 
of macaw’s scarlet feather at the last joint; black hackle 
for legs, and wings from the mottled tail feather of a par- 
tridge. 
147TH.—Cow Dune» (or lion fly)—Full length, from 
three-eighths to half an inch; length, near three-eighths ; 
wings, a quarter to three-eighths, which are thin and trans- 
parent, of a red brown to an orange tinge, towards the 
shoulders ; the top of the head and shoulders reflect shades 
of ash brown and orange, with black bristle-like hairs on 
the shoulders ; body and thighs appear dusky, in a covering 
of fine short hair of an orange or gold color; breast and 
sides of shoulders hairy, and of the same hue; the cheeks 
of some look as if gilded; eyes red brown; legs a dim 
orange transparency, set with a few small black hairs. 
Orange silk with gold colored mohair and squirrel’s fur, 
mixed, for body; wings, from the landrail; yellow, or 
ambry hen hackle, for legs. 
The cowdung flies are bred on land, and are exceedingly 
(10) This fly is of little service to the angler, excepting on very windy days, 
and even under those circumstances it is no particular favourite of mine, never hay- 
ing done much execution with it; it is however named by most writers on angling, 
and the dressings given by them vary but little from that of the author’s. 
