7 
rounded. (7) Crenulate, if the teeth are minutely 
crenate. (8) Bicrenate, if the crenatures them- 
selves are crenate. (9) Simurte, sinuous, sinuose, 
if the margin has deep concavities and convexi- 
ties. (10) Wavy or undulate, if the margin is 
wavy. (11) Crisped or curled, if the margin is 
very irregular, being twisted and curled. 
‘When the margin of the frond or of a part of 
it is more deeply divided than is the case in the 
above instances, the sufix ‘fid’ is employed to 
describe it, and the divisions are termed lobes 
or segments. Hence, according as the frond or 
part of the frond belongs to the palmate or 
pinnate type, it is said to be palmatiid or 
pinnatifid. If the divisions of a pinnatifid frond 
or part of frond are again incised the terms &- 
pinnatifid or two-pinnatifid, tri-pinnatifid or 
three-pinnatifid, etc. are used. If a frond or 
part of it is deeply incised and the divisions are 
narrow and close so as to resemble a comb, the 
same is said to be pectinate. 
The Apex. The apex of the frond, whether 
simple or compound, or of the pinnz or pinnules, 
or of the segments, varies considerably in outline 
and has received various names. [Plate III.-B.] 
It is obtuse or blunt, if it is rounded; retuse, if 
it is rounded with a rounded depression in the 
