202 FILARIASIS [CH. 



trypanosomes, which are supposed to be stages in its develop- 

 ment. 



The bacterial nature of the spirochaetes is now generally 

 admitted, and the life-cycles of those species that have been 

 investigated have been found to be of the simplest nature, 

 not involving any sexual phenomena, or anything in the 

 slightest degree comparable with Schaudinn's account. Up 

 to the present, no observer has succeeded in working out the 

 life-cycle of any Leiicocytozoon, but it is unlikely that a gnat 

 is responsible for its transmission. 



On the whole, therefore, it seems better to disregard 

 Schaudinn's statements concerning this parasite, and to con- 

 sider its life-cycle as still an open question. 



REFERENCES. 



Dobell, C. C. (1912). Researches on the Spirochfcts and related 

 organisms. Arch. f. Protistenkunde, vol. xxvi. pp. 117-240. 



Mayer, M. (igii). "Ober ein Halteridium und Leucocytozoon des 

 Waldkauzes und deren Weiterentwicklung in Stechmiicken. Ibid. 

 vol. XXI. pp. 232-254. 



Minchin, E. A. (1912). An Introduction to the Study of the Protozoa, 

 pp. 389-394. London : Edward Arnold. 



Minchin and Woodcock, H. M. (1911). Observations on the Trypano- 

 some of the Little Owl (Athene noctua) . Quart. Joiirn. Micr. Sci. 

 vol. LVli. pp. 141-185. 



Schaudinn, F. (1904). Generations- und Wirtswechsel bei Trypano- 

 soma und Spirochete. Arb. a. d. kais. Gesimdheitsamt. vol. xx. 

 P- .387. 



CHAPTER XII 



DISEASES TRANSMITTED BY ANOPHEL1N.S AND 

 CULICIN^. FILARIASIS 



I. Filaria bancrofti Cobbold, 1877. 



Synonyms. Trichina cystica Sahsbury, 1868. F. sanguinis 

 hominis Lewis, 1872. F. sanguinis hominis cegyptiaca Sonsino, 

 1874. F. dermathemica da Silva Aranjo, 1855. F. wiicheresi 

 da Silva Lima, 1877. P- sanguinis hominum Hall, 1885. 

 F. sanguinis hominum nocturna Manson, 1891. F. nocturna 



