COLLEMA. 1247 
gyne are smaller in diameter than those of the ascogonium, and their 
number varies in the species examined from six to twenty-four. A 
sharp demarkation between trichogyne and ascogonium does not exist. 
The end of the trichogyne which 
projects above the surface of the 
thallus is generally short and cylin- 
drical or flask-shaped. In rare cases 
it ends in two short and nearly equal 
branches. The free surface of this 
end cell is covered by a viscid sub- 
stance which facilitates the adherence 
of the spermatia that escape in large 
numbers during moist weather from 
the flask-shaped male organs, the 
spermagonia. 
Baur (98), who studied Collema 
crispum, confirms Stahl’s observa- 
tions, and gives additional informa- 
tion concerning details of cell struc- 
ture. The terminal cell of the trich- 
ogyne in Collema crispum, which 
projects above the surface of the 
thallus, is much larger than the other 
cells of this organ, being longer, 
somewhat swollen at the middle, and 
terminating in a point (Fig. 50, B). 
It is also provided with a viscid 
coating. 
Each cell of the entire carpogo- 
nium possesses a nucleus of the typi- 
cal structure. The transverse walls 
between the cells are not broken 
down, though each reveals a small 
pit, such as is present in the trans- 
verse septa of vegetative hyphae. 
In four cases Baur found empty 
Fic. so.—Carpogonium of Collema crispum. 
(After Baur.) 
A, mature carpogonium ; trichogyne ends in 
large receptive cell which projects above 
surface of thallus. 
B, receptive cell with which a spermatium 
has fused. 
spermatia attached to the end of the trichogyne, whose cells showed 
the same signs of degeneration described by Stahl. The cells in the 
upper part were collapsed, the cross-walls much swollen, and no nuclei 
could be seen in them. The septa between the lower cells of the 
trichogyne were clearly broken down. 
Each cell of the ascogonium 
contains at first one nucleus, and since each gives rise to ascogenous 
