645 



cylindrical. Sporidia sublanceolate, continuous, brown, straight or 

 curved, 16-18 x 3^ /i. This is a different thing from Sphmria ramu- 

 losa, Schw., which appears referable to Xylaria. 

 On branches, Indiana. 



D. Stroma broadly effused {Placoxylon). 

 * Externally colored, not black. 

 H. perforktum, (Schw.) 



sphmria perforata^ Sch-w. Syn. Car. No. 45. 

 Hypoxylon perforatum, Sacc. Syll. 1431. 

 Exsicc. Rav. F. Car. V, 54.— Rav. F. Am. 349, 350.— Thum. M. U. 368. 



Stroma (on the bark or wood) superficial, effused or tubercular- 

 convex (2-4 mm.), often interruptedly confluent for several cm. in 

 extent, dark or purplish rust-color, dotted with the minute, white- 

 margined, punctiform ostiola. Conidial layer cinereous-white, pulver- 

 aceous. Conidia minute, ovoid or subglobose on short, subsimple or 

 branching hyphse. Perithecia submonostichous, globose, small {\-\ 

 mm.), lying near the surface of the stroma, crowded, mostly not dis- 

 tinctly prominent. Asci cylindrical, 60-90 x 7-9 fx (p. sp.), with a 

 long, filiform base and overtopped by the filiform paraphyses, 8-spored. 

 Sporidia obliquely uuiseriate, ovate, with , the ends mostly obtuse, 

 nearly straight or subinequilateral, dark brown, 10-14 x 5-7 //. Bears 

 a general resemblance to H. rubiginosum. 



On dead oak, maple, ash and other limbs, common ; also on dead 

 petioles of Sabal serrulata, Florida (Calkins). 



H. rubiginosum, (Pers.) 



Spharia rubiginosa, Pers, Syn. p. ii. 

 Hypoxylon rubiginosum, Fr. Summj Veg. Sc. p. 384. 

 Exsicc. Thum. M. U. 1071.— Rav. F. Am. 654, 741.— Plowr. Sph. Brit. 21. 



Stroma mostly broadly effused, but also occurring in small patches 

 2-4 mm. across, bright ferruginous-red, finally black, tolerably thick 

 (1-2 mm.), surface nearly even or distinctly mammillose from the pro- 

 jecting perithecia. Conidial layer pulverulent, thin, at first dirty 

 olivaceous-yellow, then bright ferruginous. Conidia obovate or oval, 

 very small, acrogenous on short, sparingly branched sterigmata. Asci 

 cylindrical, long pedicellate, 8-spored, with slender, filiform par- 

 aphyses, 60 X 6 ,« (p. sp.). Sporidia monostichous, ovate, inequilateral, 

 or nearly straight, dark brown, 10 x 15 {i. 



On decorticated limbs of various deciduous trees, common in this 

 country and in Europe; around Newfield, N. J., mostly on Acer and 



