673 



X. cormi-damsB, (Scliw.) 



Sphtsria cornti-damce, Schw. Syn. N. Am. 1163, 

 Xylaria cornu-dameE, Berk. Grev. IV, p, 48. 

 Kx.sicc. Rav. Fungi Car. Fasc. I, No. 45. 



Suberose, subradicate, 1-4 inches high, simple and cylindriciil or 

 often compressed and furcatelj^ divided above, sometimes three or 

 more clubs borne at the apex of a single stipe, covered at first with 

 the white conidial hymenium, finally very black; heads fertile to the 

 subobtuse apex or oftener with a narrow, short, sterile tip, 5-^ cm 

 diam., contracted rather abruptly below into the rather slender 

 (1-2 cm. long) stipe, which arises from a purplish-black tomentum 

 Perithecia globose, \ mm. diam., rather prominent, black, with a papil 

 liform or short-cylindrical ostiolum. Asci narrow-cylindrical, p. sp 

 100-110x5//. Sporidia uniseriate, fusoid, slightly curved, brown, 

 becoming nearly black, continuous, 14-20 x3|-4J p. (mostly about 

 15x3|//). 



On rotten wood, Carolina and Pennsylvania (Schw.). 



The measurements are from the specc. in Herb. Schw. and in 

 Rav. F. Car. Differs from X. Hypoxylon in its more robust growth 

 and larger sporidia. 



X. pedunculata, (Dicks). 



Spharia pedunculata, Dicks. Crypt. Brit. IV, p. 27, tab. XII, fig. 8. 

 Xylaria pedunculata, Fr. Summa Veg. Scand. p. 382. 



Stroma emerging from the ground, rather thick, flexuous, dark 

 brown, simple or rarely sparingly branched, covered at first by the 

 cinereous conidial hymenium. Fertile head subglobose, roughened 

 by the prominent perithecia, acutely conical and stei-ile at the apex. 

 Asci cylindrical, short-stipitate, 8-spored. Sporidia broadly ovate, 

 very obtuse, straight, obliquely uniseriate, brown, becoming black and 

 opake, surrounded by a thick, hyaline, gelatinous stratum, 40x20 //. 



On muddy ground mixed with manure, Missouri (Engelman). 



"We have seen no American specc. and cannot say whether this 

 is the genuine X. pedunculata, (Dicks.) or var. pusilla, Tul. Sel. Carp. 

 II, p. 18, tab. II, figs. 1-28, which is the Xylaria Tulasnei, Nitschke 

 Pyr. Germ. p. 8. 



SUBORDER. HYSTERrACE^E. 



Perithecia simple, erumpent-superficial, oblong or linear, mem- 

 branaceous, coriaceous, or carbonaceous, rarely subcarnose at first, 

 becoming black, opening by a narrow crack or cleft extending along 

 the entire length of the perithecium. Asci paraphysate, 4-8-spored. 

 (Sacc. Syll. II, p. 721). 

 85- 



