BOVINE 43 



palatines ; auditory (tympanic) bullte relatively small ; 

 crowns of upper molars nearly square. Colour typically dark 

 ashy, approaching black, but occasionally brown dun. 



This buffalo exists in a wild state over a large part of 

 India, exclusive of the south and west, as well as in northern 

 Ceylon, while it may also occur- on parts of the mainland 

 east of the Bay of Bengal, as it apparently does in Borneo. 



The following races, or phases, are recognised : — 



A. — Size large. 



a. Colour blackish. 



a'. Horns crescentio, or subcircular B. h. buhalis. 



b'. Horns directed mainly outwards B. b. macroceros. 



b. Colour brown dun B.b. fulvus. 



B. — Size medium B. b. Jiosei. 



A.— Bos butaalis bubalis. 



Bubalus buffelus spirocerus, Hodgson, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 



vol. X, p. 912, 1841, xvi, p. 710, 1847. 

 Bos bubalis bubalis, LydeTcJcer, Cat. Hume Bequest Brit. Mus. p. 4, 



1913. 



Characters generally those of the species, with the horns 

 crescentic (fig. 15). 



The range includes those portions of Peninsular India 

 lying within the distributional area of the species, and at 

 least part of Assam and Kuch-Behar. 



44. 10. 22. 1. Skin, new born calf, mounted. 



Presented by the Zoological Society, 1844. 



96. 6. 29. 1. Head, mounted. India. Purchased, 1896. 



84. 1. 22. 4. Skeleton, with horns, mounted. Assam. 



Shot by Gr. P. Sanderson, Esq. Fiorchased, 1884. 



39. 4. 19 & 1. Frontlet and horns. 



Purchased at Stevens' Auction Rooms, 1839. 



45. 1. 8. 142. Skull, with horns, female. Upper India. 



Presented ly B. R. Hodgson, Psq., 1845. 

 45. 1. 8. 143. Skull, with horns. Upper India. 



Same history. 

 45. 1. 8. 146. Frontlet and horns. Upper India. 



Same history. 

 45. 1. 8. 147. Frontlet and horns. Upper India. 



Same history. 



