THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OF BATS. 65 



developed. There is a rudimentary papilla-like tail, the calcar is 

 present, as is the claw of the index finger, the wings are attached low 

 on the sides, as in Epomophorus, and the fur is slightly woolly. 



Species examined. — Scotonycteris bedfprdi Thomas. 



Remarks. — This genus has been placed near Cynopterus by Mats- 

 chie, but it appears to be more closely related to Epomophorus. 

 Though the skull more nearly resembles that of the former, this char- 

 acter seems to indicate merely a less specialized stage than has been 

 reached by Epomophorus. Similarly primitive are the slightly de- 

 veloped lips. The number of teeth, the form of the mandible, and 

 the broadly hairy back all resemble Epomophorus, while the struc- 

 ture of the teeth could easily be derived from that of the related 

 genus by a process nearly the opposite to that which has taken place 

 in Hypsignathus. 



Genus EPOMOPHORUS Bennett. 



1836. Epomophorus Bennett, Proc. Zool. Soc, London (1835), p. 149,. Feb- 

 ruary 12, 1836. (macrocephalus.) 



1866. Epomops Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc, London,-p. 65 (franqueti). 



1878. Epomophorus Dobson, Catal. Chiropt. Brit. Mus., p. 4 (part). 



1899. Epomophorus Matschie, Flederm. des Berliner Mus. filr Naturk., p. 34 

 (part). 



1899. Epomops Matschie, Flederm. des Berliner Mus. fur Naturk., p. 56 

 (subgenus for E. oompttis, E. franqueti, and E. dobsonii). 



1899. Micropteropas Matschie, Flederm-. des Berliner Mus. fur Naturk.. p. 57 

 (subgenus for E. pusillus). 



1899. Nanonycteris Matschie, Flederm. des Berliner Mus. fur Naturk., p. 58 

 (subgenus for E. velcUcampii) . 



Type-species. — Pteropus epomophorus Bennett=P. macrocephalus 

 Ogilby. 



Geographic distribution. — Africa, south of the Sahara. 



Number of forms. — About two dozen forms of Epomophorus are 

 now known. Next to Pteropus this is the largest genus of Mega- 

 chiroptera. 



Characters. — General appearance much as in Pteropus, but lips 

 fuller; tail present, though usually not visible externally; occipital 

 portion of skull (fig. 9) slightly deflected and not tubular, and upper 

 cheek teeth only 3-3. Dental formula : 



-2 3. 1. -"-3 4 5-- . 2-2 1-1 2-2 1-1 

 12-. 1. -23456-*2-2' c l- l'^ m 3 - 3' m 2 - 2~ ■ ' 



Upper incisors small, stylif orm ; the crowns pointed, but not much 

 differentiated from shafts; the outer tooth of each pair shorter than 

 inner, but not strongly contrasted in size. The incisors are sepa- 

 rated from each other by narrow spaces and from the canine by a 

 wide diastema. Lower incisors equal in size, forming a nearly 

 straight row between the canines, separated from each other and 

 25733— No. 57—07 m 5 



