136 BULLETIN 57, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Subfamily GLOSSOPHAGIN^. 



1838. Phyllostomina (part) Geay, Mag. Zool. and Bot, II, p. 486, Decem- 

 ber, 1836. 



1842. Phyllostominece (part) Lesson, Nouveau Tableau du Regne Animal, 

 Mammiferes, p. 30. 



1845. Glossophagina " Bonaparte, Cat. Met. Mamm. Europe, p. 5." 



1855. Glossophagina (part) Gervais, Exped. du Comte de Oastelnau, Zool., 

 Mamm., p. 40. 



1865. Glossophagw (part) Petebs, Monatsber, It. preuss. Akad. Wissensch., 

 Berlin, p. 257. 



1866. Glossophagina Geay, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 115. 



1872. Glossophaginm Gill, Arrangement of tbe Families of Mammals, p. 17. 

 1875. Glossophagw (part) Dobson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist, 4th ser., XVI, 



p. 350, November, 1875. 

 1878. Glossophagw (part) Dobson, Catal. Chiropt. Brit. Mua., p. 497. 

 1886. Glossophaginw (part) Gill, Standard Natural History, V, p. 173. 



1891. Phyllostomatinw (part; Glossophagine division, part) Flower and 

 Lydekker, Mammals, living and extinct, p. 672. 



1892. Glossophagw (part) Winge, Jordfundne og nulevende Flagermus 

 (Chiroptera) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, Brasilien, p. 24. 



1898. Glossophaginw (part) H. Allen, Trans. Amer. Pbilos. Soc, n. s., XIX, 

 p. 237. 



Geographic distribution. — Warmer parts of America, north on the 

 mainland to southern Arizona and in the West Indies to Cuba. 



Characters. — Teeth slightly abnormal. Upper molars with the 

 styles reduced in size and closely approximated to the paracone and 

 metacone, this in connection with the obsolescence of the commissures 

 nearly obliterating the W -pattern. Lower molars with the five typ- 

 ical cusps present, but reduced in height, particularly the paraconid, 

 the commissures very rudimentary. All of the cheek teeth elongated. 

 Rostrum much produced. Tongue long and highly extensible, its 

 surface armed with conspicuous bristle-like papillae. Noseleaf pres- 

 ent, well developed, though never very large. 



History. — First recognized as a distinct group by Bonaparte in 

 1845, the Glossophagina; have continued to be so regarded by prac- 

 tically all subsequent authors. Since the discovery of Phyllonycteris 

 and Reithronycteris these genera have been placed Avith the Glosso- 

 phagina?, but this association appears to be quite unnatural. Except 

 that these are now removed, the subfamily, as here understood, has 

 the same limits as with most recent writers. 



Remarks. — The members of the subfamily Glossophagina? are rec- 

 ognizable by their elongated muzzle, highly extensible tongue, and 

 slightly modified teeth. They are all small bats with well-devel- 

 oped through simple nose leaves, and small, separate ears. 



Principal subdivisions. — Nine genera of Glossophaginse are now 

 known, based principally on differences in the number of teeth. 



