THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OF BATS. 153 



though the form of the inner incisor is somewhat closely approached 

 in Ectophylla. Lower incisors with rounded subequal crowns crossed 

 by a faint longitudinal ridge. They form a continuous, slightly 

 convex row between canines. Upper canine with length of crown 

 nearly equal to height, the cingulum well developed, especially on 

 inner side, where it forms two low, but very distinct cusps; main 

 shaft of tooth with a large secondary cusp extending nearly to mid- 

 dle of posterior edge, a character unique in the subfamily. Mandib- 

 ular canine low, the cingulum forming a noticeable posterior heel. 

 Anterior upper premolar minute, not extending beyond cingulum of 

 canine, scarcely larger than outer incisor, which it resembles in form. 

 Posterior upper premolar high and short, with distinct cingulum but 

 no evident styles, the inner flat surface directed very slightly back- 

 ward. Lower premolars well developed, showing no special pecul- 

 iarities. First and second upper molars (Plate VI, fig. 3) , with outer 

 cusps large and unusually trenchant, without distinct cingula ; m, ~ x 

 with large protocone and small protoconule and metaconule, m 2 

 with protoconule about half as large as protocone, which it resembles 

 in form ; metaconule about as in m 1 . The crushing surface of 

 both teeth is concave laterally and very coarsely wrinkled, more 

 coarsely than in any other member of the group. Third upper molar 

 about half as large as second, and of approximately the same form. 

 As in the second, the protoconule is large and much like the proto- 

 cone in form, though not as high. First and second lower molars 

 with protoconid, metaconid, hypoconid, and entoconid present, though 

 rather low, the two inner cusps often, especially in m 2 , bearing low 

 but distinct secondary cusps in positions corresponding to those occu- 

 pied by the protoconule and metaconule. Third lower molar more 

 than half as large as second, its protoconid low but distinct, its 

 hypoconid fiat, its metaconid high, narrow, and more conspicuous 

 than in either of the other molars. Skull rather long and slender 

 for a Stenodermine bat, but showing no special peculiarities of form. 

 Lachrymal breadth about one-half greater than depth in same region, 

 and contained one and one-half times in length of rostrum. Width 

 of palate between first molars equal to one-half length of tooth- 

 row (incisors excluded). -Ears small, separate. Noseleaf, rudimen- 

 tary, without upright process, the upper edge slightly emarginate 

 at middle. Tail about one-fourth as long as femur, entirely con- 

 cealed in base of rather wide interfemoral membrane; caudal ver- 

 tebrae, 3. Tongue not specially modified. 



Species examined. — Brachyphylla cavernarum Gray and B. nana 

 Miller. 



Remarks. — Although specialized in the reduced condition of the 

 noseleaf and in the peculiarities of the upper incisors and canines and 

 in the great development of the protoconule in m * an^ m 3 , this genus 



