208 BULLETIN 57, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



1839. Vesperus Keysekling and Blasius, Wiegmann's Archiv. fur Natur- 



gesehicbte, 5ter Jahrg., I, p. 313 (subgenus of Vesperugo, part). 

 1841. Xoctula Bonaparte, Iconogr. Fauna Ital., fasc. XXI, in account of 



Vespertilio alcytha- (serotinus). 

 1856. Cateorus Kolenati, Allgem. deutsch. naturhist Zeitung, Dresden, 



neue Folge, II, p. 131 (serotinus). 

 1856. Meteoriis Kolenati, Allgem. deutsch. naturhist. Zeitung, Dresden, 



neue Folge, II, p. 131 (part). 

 1858. AmUyotus Kolenati, Sitz. ber. kais. Akad. Wissensch., Wien, Math. 



Naturwissensch, Classe, XXIX, p. 252 (atratus=nilssoni) . 



1863. "Aristippe Kolenati, Beitriige zur Kenntniss der Phthiriomyiarien, 

 Petersburg, 1863" (part; included both discolor ■=murinus and nilssoni). 



1864. Scotophilia H. Allen, Monogr. Bats N. Arner., p. 27, June, 1864 

 (part). 



1866. Pachyomus Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist, 3d ser., XVII, p. 90. 



February, 1868 (pachyomus). 

 1870. Nyctiptcnus Fitzinger, Sitz. ber. kais. Akad. Wissensch., Wien, Math. 



Naturwissensch., Classe, LXII, p. 424 (smithii). 

 1878. Vesperus Dobson, Catal. Chiropt. Brit. Mus., p. 184 (subgenus of 



Vesperugo) part. 

 1892. Adelonycteris H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1891, 



p. 466, January 19, 1892 (part: substitute for Vesperus, preoccupied). 

 1894. Adelonycteris II. Allen, Mongr. Bats N. Amer. (1893), p. Ill, March 



14, 1894. 

 1897. Vespertilio Miller, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 6th ser., XX, p. 384, 



October, 1897 (part). 

 1897. Vespertilio Miller, North American Fauna, No. 13, p. 95, October 16, 



1897 (part). 

 1900. Eptesicus Merely, Monogr. Chiropt. Hungarian, p. 219 (part: in- 

 cluded both murinus and oorealis=nilssoni) . 

 1900. Eptesicus Mehely, Monogr. Chiropt, Hungarian, p. 206. 



Type-species. — Eptesicus melanops=V espertilio fuscus Beauvios. 



Geographic distribution. — Africa, Madagascar, Australia, Asia 

 (except Malay region) ; America from southern Canada southward 

 (except Lesser Antilles). 



Number of forms. — About 45 species of Vespertilio are now known. 



Characters. — Dental formula : 



-2 3. 1. 4567 .2-2 1-1 1- 1 3-3 



12 3. 1. -2-4567*3-3' e 1- V 1 "" 2-2' m 3 - 3~ 32, 



Teeth strictly normal throughout and showing no special pecul- 

 iarities. Both upper incisors well developed, the inner larger than 

 the outer and usually with distinct secondary cusp, the outer sep- 

 arated from canine by a space equal to its greatest diameter. Lower 

 incisors subequal, trifid, the crown of the third wider than that of 

 either the first or second. They are closely crowded and distinctly 

 imbricated, forming a strongly convex row between canines. 

 Canines simple, with distinct cingulum, but no secondary cusps, 

 Premolars with no special peculiarities. Molars normal ; m * and 



