THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OE BATS. 219 



Genus PACHYOTUS Gray. 



1821. Scotophilia Leach, Trans. Linn. Soe. London, XIII, p. 69 (kahlii). 



Not ScotoplUlu Hiibner, 1810. 

 1831. Pachyotiix Gray, Zoological Miscellany, No. 1, p. 38 (part). Name 



applied to a genus formed by combining Nycticeius and Hemophilus. 

 1878. Scotophilus Dobson, Catal. C'biropt. Brit. Mus., p. 25G (part). 



Type-species. — Scotophilus kuhlil Leach. 



Geographic distribution. — Africa, Madagascar, Southern Asia, and 

 the Malay Archipelago. 



Number of forms. — Ten species of this genus, the ' subgenus Scoto- 

 philus ' of recent authors, are currently recognized. 



Characters. — Externally as in Eptesicus. Skull with no special 

 peculiarities; in the largest species a high backward-projecting 

 occipital crest is developed. Teeth (Plates I, II, fig. 2) as in Nyc- 

 ticeius, except that the molars are distinctly abnormal. First and 

 second upper molars with main cusps close together and so displaced 

 outward that the protocone of m 1 is near middle of crown ; styles 

 reduced, particularly the mesostyle, which in some species (gigas, 

 heathi, nigrita) is practically absent, thus greatly distorting the W 

 pattern ; third upper molar with protocone, paracone, parastyle, and 

 two commissures, of which the second is very short. Lower molars 

 with hypoconid and entoconid reduced in size, so that the second tri- 

 angle in each tooth is smaller than the first and with the cusps notice- 

 ably lower ; in m 3 the second triangle is so reduced that the homology 

 of its single remaining cusp can not be satisfactorily determined. 



Species examined. — Pachyotus castaneus (Horsfield), P. gigas 

 (Dobson), P. heathi (Horsfield), P kuhlii Leach, P. nigrita (Schre- 

 ber),.P- wroughtoni (Thomas). 



Remarks. — From the related genera of Vespertilionidse this group 



is readily distinguishable by the peculiarities of the molars. In the 



form of these teeth it is almost exactly paralleled by some of the 



quite unrelated Megadermidae, while the line of development, of 



which this represents the first step, is carried much further in Harpio- 



cephalus. 



Genus CHALINOLOBUS Peters. 



1866. Chalinolobus Petebs, Monatsber. It preuss. Akad. Wissensch., Berlin, 



p. 680. 

 1878. Chalinolobus Dobson, Catal. Chiropt. Brit. Mus., p. 246 (part). 



Type-species. — Vespertilio tuberculatus Forster. 

 Geographic distribution. — New Zealand and Australia. 

 Number of forms. — Four species of Ghalinolobus are currently 

 recognized. 

 Characters. — Dental formula : 



-2 3. 1.-2-4 567-2-2 1-1 2-J2 3-3 



1 2 3. 1. - 2 - 4 5 6 7 % 3 - 3' ° 1 - V !pm 2 - 2' m 3 - Z~ 6i - 



