THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OF BATS. 237 



not specially exaggerated; m 3 with second triangle not unusually 

 reduced, the entoconid small but distinct. Skull with form of 

 brain case, and relative length of brain case and rostrum about as 

 in Antrozous, but interorbital region not deepened, the forehead 

 therefore rising at a distinct though slight angle with upper surface 

 of rostrum; posterior portion of palate gradually narrowed (much 

 more so than in Antrozous, which in this respect is essentially 

 normal), much as in Natalus or Kerivoula. No basisphenoid pits. 

 Ears large, extending nearly to or beyond extremity of muzzle when 

 laid forward, usually joined across forehead by a conspicuous band of 

 membrane, but this obsolete at middle in one species; tragus rather 

 short and broad. Muzzle squarely truncate as in Antrozous, but 

 with the horseshoe-shaped ridge developed into a low but distinct 

 nose leaf; flattened swellings behind leaf more prominent than in 

 Antrozous. Second and third metacarpals about equal, the third 

 somewhat shorter. 



Species examined. — Nyctophilus timoriensis ( Geoff roy), TV. microtis 

 Thomas, and N. walkeri Thomas. 



Subfamily TOMOPEATIN^E. 



Geographic distrib n tion. — Peru . 



Characters. — Seventh cervical vertebra fused with first dorsal; ear 

 with no anterior basal lobe, but with a distinct rudimentary keel; 

 audital bullae disk-shaped, owing to the great emargination of inner 

 border. Otherwise as in the Vespertilioninse. 



Remarks.— This subfamily combines in a very remarkable manner 

 the characters of the Vespertilionida? and Molossidse. The general 

 external appearance, the thin membranes, broad wings, slender leg 

 and foot, and the long tail wholly included in the uropatagium are 

 strictly Vespertilionine. The same is true of the skeleton as a whole. 

 The fibula, though perhaps larger than in most Vespertilionidse, is 

 scarcely better developed than that of Tylonycteris, while its form 

 shows no departure from the general rule in the family. On the other 

 hand, the seventh cervical vertebra is fused with the first dorsal, a 

 character that I have not seen in any other genus of Vespertilionidse, 

 but which is apparently universal in the Molossidse. The ear, both 

 externally and in the peculiar emarginate-flattened form of the 

 tympanic bone, is essentially Molossine in structure, though the conch 

 shows no tendency to assume the leathery texture usually character- 

 istic of this group. The upper lip, though more widely expanded 

 than in any Vespertilionine bat that I have examined, is not heavily 

 wrinkled, and the nostrils have no trace of the horny processes so 

 characteristic of the Molossidse. Neither are there any of the modi- 

 fied, spoon-shaped hairs on muzzle or chin. 



Principal subdivision. — The subfamily is represented by the genus 

 Tomopeas only. 



