180 CANIDJE. 



** Head short; teeth 4:0 ; tubercular grinders \ . \. 



3. CxjON. Old World— Asia. 



*** Head elongate ; teeth 42 ; tubercular grinders f . f. Temporal mmcles 

 separated hy a narrow linear central ridge. 



4. Ltjptjs. Head moderate ; nose broad. Upper sectorial grinder 



in a line witt the other grinders. Europe and North 

 America. 



5. DiBBA. Head moderate ; nose broad. Upper sectorial grinder 



placed oblique as regards the other grinders. Africa. 



6. SiMENiA. Head very long ; nose slender. Premolars far apart, 



small. Africa. 



7. Chetsocton. Head very long ; nose slender. Premolars ap- 



proximate, large. South America. 



B. Dogs. Tail elcmgate, bent or curled. SkuU short or elongate. 



8. Canis. Domesticated. 



c. Fox-tailed Wolves. Tail elongated, hairy. Smith America. 

 * Teeth 43 ; tubercular grinders f . |. 



9. Ltcalopex. Pupil circular. Upper tuberculars large. 



10. PsETTDALOPEx. PupU elongate. Upper tuberculars moderate. 



** Teeth 44 ; tiibercular grinders | . f . 



11. TicoTTS. 



Section II. WiHSTSM, SkuU slight, thin, elongate ; nose taper- 

 ing, long. Postorbital process thin, concave above, and 

 spread out horizontally at the tip. 



Vulpina, Burmeister. 

 Subfam. 3. VULPINA. 



D, Foxes. Tail elongate, bushy, with a gland covered viilh coloured hair 



on the upper part, near the base. SkuU very long. Upper sectorial 

 grinders compressed, three-lobed, with a small tubercle on the front part 

 of tJie inner side ; tubercular grinders f . f . Pupil often elliptical, erect. 



12. ViTLPES. Ears moderate ; ear-buUse moderate. 



13. Fbnnecus. Ears very large ; ear-buUae large. 



14. LETTCocToif. SkuU broad in front of orbits. 



E. Bbistlb-tailbd Foxes. Tail elongate, hairy, with a crest of bristles 



along the upper edge. Teeth like Foxes'. 



15. Ueocyon. 



r. Raccoon Dog. Tail short, straight, bushy. Upper sectorial grinders 

 compressed, three-lobed, with a small anterior internal lobe : titbercular 

 grinders | . f. 



16. Ntctereutes. 



