218 



TBSIDJE. 



Thalassarctos maritimns. 



B.M. 



White or yelloTvish white. 



Ursus maritimus, Desm. Mamm. p. 165; Schreh. Saugeth. p. 513, 

 1. 141* ; Fischer, Syn. Mamm. p. 145 ; JBaird, Mamm. N. A. t. 44 

 (skull) ; Temm. Fauna Japan, p. 29 ; Schrenck, Amurland, i. p. 16. 



Ursus marinus, Pallas, Sds. iii. p. 691 ; P. Z. S. 1859, p. 102. 



Ursus polaris, Shaw, Mus. Lever, i. p. 7, t. 2. 



Ursus albus, Brisson, B^gne Anim. p. 260. 



Thalarctos polaris, Oray, Ann. Philos. 1825j p. 62. 



Thalassarctos majitimus, Gray, Cat. Mamm. JB. M. p. 73 j P. Z. S. 

 1864, p. 680. 



Ours blanc (Ursus maritimus), Buffon, H. N. xv. p. 128 ; Suppl. iii. 

 p. 200, t. 84 ; Be Blainv. OsUogr. t. 1 (skeleton 2 ), t. 4 (bones), 

 t. 5(skuU$). 



Ours polaire, Cuv. Menag. Mus. ; Oss. Foss. iv. t. 20. f. 4, t. 21. f. 4. 



Polar Bear, Penn. Syn. p. 192, t. 20. f. 1.; Shaw, Zool. i. p. 257, 

 1. 105. 



Hah. Arctic Seas of Europe, Asia, and America : Japan (Siebold). 



B. Land-Bears. Soles of the feet hold, callous. CvUing-teethQ .&. Ears 

 rounded, hairy. Lips slightly extensile. Nostrils oval, with a moderate 

 lid. Underside of the base of the toes hairy. The upper tubercular 

 grinder elongate. 



2. UKSUS. (Carrion Bear.) 



Head elongate. Ears rounded, hairy. Nose rather prodnced, 

 compressed. Forehead rounded. Nostrils ovate, covered with a 

 moderate lid. The underside of the base of the toes covered with 

 hair, making a hairy hand between the toe-pads and the soles of 

 the feet. Nose of the skull produced, as wide or wider than the fore- 

 head between the orbits, rounded above, separated from the more or 

 less convex forehead by a cross line, which is less distinct as the 

 animal becomes aged. Front false grinders small, far apart ; hinder 

 tubercular grinder large, elongate, larger than the flesh-tooth. Pa- 

 late flat or slightly concave. The aperture of the hinder nostrils 

 with the sides longer than the width of the front edge. The aper- 

 ture for the blood-vessel to the palate is behind the front edge of 

 the tubercular grinder. 



Ursus, Gray, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 681. 



Middendorflf, in his ' Mammalia of North and East Siberia,' has a 

 very long essay on the Bears. He regards the species found in 



