2. TTESTTS. 219 



Europe and Northern Asia and the Grizzly Bear of North America 

 as varieties of Ursus arctos. He enters into a minute examination 

 and comparison of the external and osteological characters, and gives 

 most minute measurements, in elahorate tables, to support this con- 

 clusion ; but I think that his not having been able to distinguish the 

 Ant- from the Carrion-Bear (and he figures a skull of each as a 

 subvariety of Ursus arctos, var. heringiana) must make one cautious 

 in accepting his theory without more examination. 



Von Sehrenck, in his ' Amurland,' says that the size of the tuber- 

 cidar grinder varies in the Bears of North Asia ; hut I suspect 

 he also has combined the Carrion-Bear and the Ant- Bear into one 

 species. 



a. Old-World Bears. The fur shaggy. The hind feet elongate. The 

 claws moderate. The palate Jlat, rather broad. Ukstjs. 



European Bears, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825. 



Old- World Bears (Ursus), Gray, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 682. 



* Fur shaggy, brovm, or grey, or whitish. 



1. Ursus arctos. 

 Brown or blackish ; fur shaggy ; hair longer on the withers. 

 The palate broad. The upper tubercular grinder nearly half as 

 long again as the flesh-tooth. 



Ursus fuscus, Albert. Magn. de Anim. lib. xxii. p. 183. 



Ursus arctos, Lirih. S. N. p. 169 ; Pallas, Zoogr. Poss.-Asiat. 1. p. 64; 



Be Blainv. Osfdogr. t. 6, t. 7 (adult skull) ; Gray, P. Z. S. 1864, 



p. 682. 

 Ours brun d'Eiwope, Cuvier, Oss. Foss. iv. p. 332. 

 Ursus cadaveriuus, Fversm. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1840, p. 8, pi. 1. f. 1. 

 Brown Bear, Pennant, Arctic Zool. i. p. 61. 



Var. 1. normalis. The upper tubercular grinder nearly half as 

 long again as the flesh-tooth. Lower edge of lower jaw straight. 



Subvariety a. seandinavicus, Gray, I. e. p. 682. B.M. 



Ursus arctos, Imiu. Fawn. Suec. ; Nilsson, Skand. Fauna, fig. t. 23 

 (ring-necked variety). 



Hab. Sweden. 



Nilsson describes six varieties found in Sweden : — 1. Black ; 

 2. Dark brown ; 3. Brown, washed with white' (the Silfver bjorn) ; 

 4. Bed-brown ; 5. Brown, with a white ring on the neck ; 6. Varie- 

 gated or Albino Bear (I. c. p. 193). 



Subvar. 6. Ildgeesdjv/r, Worm. Mus. p. 318. 

 Hab. Norway. 



Subvar. e. rossieus. Russian Bear. 

 Hab. Eussia. 



Subvar. d. sibiricus. 



Hab. Siberia. 



Fur in all states and ages brown. 



