232 TJK8ID^. 



largest and most dangerous, living principally on vegetables ; 2. the 

 Black Bear or Ildgiesdjur, the most carnivorous, attacking horses ; 

 3. the Ant-Bear or Myrehjorn, the smallest, but stUl dangerous (see 

 Cuvier, Oss. Fosa. iv. p. 313). 



PaUas, in ' Zoographia Eosso-Asiatica,' observes, " Rossi distinc- 

 tionem faciunt Ursorum inter formiearios (Muraveniki) et cada- 

 verivoros {Sterveniki), sed nidlo solido argumento : variunt solum- 

 modo colore vel nigriore, vel e fusco magis rufescente; et magis 

 minusve iraoundi et crudeles flunt anni tempore, jetate et alimenti 

 copia vel inopia." 



Dr. Edward Eversmann, in the ' Bulletin de la Soc. Imp. des Nat. 

 de Moscou' for 1840, p. 8, says that in the east of Moscow there 

 are two kinds of Bear, one the Aashdren (StervemM), or Carrion- 

 Bears, and the other the Ameisenharen {Muraveniki), or Ant-Bears ; 

 and he gives the characters which distinguish them, and figures the 

 skulls of the two species. He states, " In the Ant-eating Bear the 

 skull is more elegantly formed. The anterior level of the frontal 

 bone forms a plane with the nasal bone ; the forehead also does not 

 stand forwards, and forms no depression, but is flat. The molar 

 teeth are narrower and longer ; the zygomatic arch is thinner and 

 more slender ; altogether the entire skuU is proportionally longer, 

 not so high, and not so robust as in the carrion-eater ( Ursus arctos)." 



1. U. cadaverinus (=11. arctos, Linn.). Fronte supra oculos con- 

 vexa, rostro abrupte attenuate brevi ; veUere fusco, regione humero- 

 rum coUoque pallidioribus ; pedibus nigris (t. 1. f. 1, skull). Called 

 " Sterveniki." 



2. U. formicarius (=U. longirostris). Fronte plana, modice in 

 rostrum attenuata ; vellere flavicanti-fusco, pilis apice flavidis cete- 

 rum fuBcis ; pedibus nigris (t. 1. f. 2, skuU). Called " Muraveniki." 



1. Myrmarctos Eversmanni. B.M. 



Myrebiom, Worm, Mus. p. SOS. 



Muraveniki, Paltas, Zoogr. Mosso-Asiat. 



Ursus formicarius (U. longirostris), Eversmann, Bull. S6c. Imp. Nat. 



Mosc. 1840, p. 8, t. 1. f. 2 (skull) ; Bona^. Mamm. Eur. p. 11. 

 Ursus ajctos, var. beringiana (partly), Middendorff, Sib. Eeise, i. 



p. 53, 1. 1. f. 5, 6 (skuU). 

 Myrmarctos Eversmanni, Gray, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 695. 



? Young or var., white- collared. 



Ursus norvegicus, F. Cm. Mamm. lAthogr.yii. t. ; Mscher, Syn. Mamm. 



p. 142. 

 ? Ours brun de Norvege, De Btainv. Osteogr. t. 7 (skull of yoijng). 

 Hah. Norway (skeleton, B.M.). 



