354 PHACOOH(EBID-«;. 



p. 78, 1860, p. 443 ; Gray, lAst Mamm. B. M. p. 185 ; Giehel, 



Saugeth. p. 236 ; Fitz. Sitz. Akad. d. Wissm. 1864, p. 39. 

 Phacochcerua africanus, Harris ; Kirh, P. Z. jS. 1864, p. 656._ 

 Phaoochoerus Pallasii, Van der Hoeven, Nov. Act. Leap. xix. i. p. 171, 



t. 18 ; Owen, Ann. ^ Mag. N. IT. 2nd ser. xi. p. 246 ; Odont. p. 553, 



t. 140. f. 4 (teeth) ; P. Z. S. 1851, p. 63. 

 Phacochcems aper sethiopicus, Seichenb. N. Pachyd. p. 35, t. 32. f. Ill, 



112. 



Eah. Africa : Central Africa, Tete, <fec. {Kirh) ; Guinea, Senegal 

 {AdansoTi) ; Mossambique (Peters) ; South Africa, called " Kau- 

 naba ;" Abyssinia ; Arabia. 



" Native name ' Jui' or 'Kjiri' at Tete ; in Sechuana, ' Kolobe.' " 

 —Kirlc, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 656. 



M. F. Cuvier divides Phaeochoenis into (1) PhacocTiosres h, inci- 

 sives, P. africanus ; (2) Phacochceres sans incisives, P. ceihiopicus, 

 Gmel. (Dent. Mam. pp. 257, 213). He adds, " Notre dessin. est tire, 

 pour la m4choire supirieure d'un Phacochcere sans incisives, et pour 

 la machoire uiKrieure d'un PTmeoehoere pourvu d'incisives, et nous 

 ferons remarquer que les disques des derni^res molaires du premier 

 sent mollis grands et moins nombreux que ceux de la derni^re mo- 

 laire du second, serait-ce encore un caract^re speeifique ? " — Bent. , 

 Mamm. p. 213. J 



The size and number of the disks on the crown of the last grinder i 

 depend on the age of the tooth and how much of the surface has* 

 been worn down. I 



In the British Museum there are three skeletons and fourteei/ 

 skulls or parts of skulls. The skulls of ten of these have two inci-l 

 sors in the upper jaw, and seven are without any incisors in th/e 

 upper jaw, as marked in Mr. Gerrard's ' Catalogue of Bones,' p. 28p. 

 Two of these skulls belong to skeletons of a male and female Phaao- 

 chere that were brought together from Africa, and lived seveval 

 years in the Gardens ; they are both destitute of upper cutting-teeth. 

 Another skeleton of a female that lived in the Zoological Gardens 

 has two cutting-teeth in the upper jaw ; so the existence or non- 

 existence of the upper cutting-teeth is not a sexual character. 



The presence or absence pf the upper cutting-teeth does not de- 

 pend on the age of the animal ; for there are specimens without any 

 cutting-teeth that have the premolars stUl present and the hinder 

 molar small, and there are specimens which have the cutting-teeth 

 that have lost or are losing the premolars and have the hinder 

 molar very large and well devdoped. 



Nine of the skulls or front parts of the upper jaws were bought 

 of Mr. Argent, who purchased them all together with a collection of 

 Cape skins ; five of these upper jaws have distinct cutting-teeth, 

 and four of them are without any indications of them ; therefore the 

 presence or absence of the upper cutting-teeth is common to animals 

 inhabiting the same locality, not peculiar to the Phacockeres of cer- 

 tain districts of Africa as has been supposed. 



Professor SundevaU observes, " Sus (Phacoch.) .^liani, Crzm. ; 

 Ph. harroya, Ehr., in Caffraria a Wahlbergio inventus est. Plura 



