358 ELEPHANIIDiE. 



Section II. HETEROGNATHA. 



The front of the jaws contracted and bent down ; the upper one 

 bent down on the slanting upper surface of the lower one. The 

 upper and lower cutting-teeth, when present, produced in the form 

 of projecting tusks ; canines none. Teats pectoral. Limbs well 

 developed or rudimentary and fin-shaped. 



Suborder VII. PROBOSCIDEA. 



Nose produced into a flexible proboscis, with a prehensile 

 lobe on the upper edge. Limbs well developed, separate, for 

 walking. Toes 5 . 5, subequal, radiating, imbedded in the 

 fleshy club-shaped foot, with nail-like hoofs. 



Proboscidea, lUiger, Prodr. 1811 ; Cuvier, JR^ffne Anim. 1817. 

 Proboscidians, Owen, Odont. p. 610. 

 Elephantidae, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1826. 



In each jaw two deciduous incisors, followed by two permanent 

 incisors developed as tusks ; three deciduous molars on each side, 

 followed by one premolar and three molars on each side. The lower 

 tusk-like incisors are sometimes wanting (see Owen, Palseontology, 

 p. 356, f. 114). 



See collection of observations on the fossil Elephants of Europe 

 and America in different collections, in Falconer's ' Pal. Mem.' pp. 

 71-^07. 



Fam. 9. ELEPHANTIDtE. 



The grinders with a flat upper surface, with transverse enamel 

 ridges formed of compressed plates united. Lower jaw smaller, 

 tapering in front, regular-shaped, or rather produced in front, with- 

 out any tusk ; the upper cutting-teeth produced into tusks ; the 

 lower rudimentary or entirely absent. Neck short. 

 Elephas, Imn, 



1. ELEPHAS. 



Lamina of the grinders flat, with a linear crown. SkuU high, 

 forehead concave, vertex high. Trunk subcyUndrical at the base. 

 Ears moderate. 



Elephas, Idnn. ; F. Cuvier, Dents Mamm, 



Elephas indicus. £.M. 



Elephas indicus, Imn. 



Eleghas maximus, Imn. 8. iV. p. 45. 



Elephas asiaticus, Blumerth. Aloild. t. 19. f. 10. 



