146 HORSES: 



to give in teaching it should always be repeated ; the 

 tone or pitch of the voice should be carefully regarded, 

 otherwise the horse may mistake on the instant what 

 is wanted of him, and consequently be unable to obey. 

 Such an animal as that in Fig. 3 or Fig. 7 would test 

 the patience of any trainer ; bad habits, cunning, and 

 vicious action are to be expected from such a physi- 

 ognomy. But the defects of organization in such ani 

 mals are usually increased by bad treatment. 



" The principle of kindness in training is potent in 

 relation to a horse just as it is in relation to our influ- 

 ence upon our human brothers. If a man, for instance, 

 were strong enough to take a bully by the shoulders 

 and shake him so thoroughly as to show him that he 

 had power to control him as he pleased, and then 

 afterward treat him with kindness, the effect would 

 be far better in establishing a relation of friendship 

 and subservience on the part of the bully, than if the 

 latter were merely impressed that he was kept under, 

 or subjected by dint of the superior force of the other ; 

 in truth, it is not likely that the rough fellow would 

 maintain a very pleasant feeling for his superior, if the 

 contest were carried on in the presence of others, so 

 that his self-respect were affected, his low jealousy 

 aroused. If a man could control a horse by putting 

 his arms around his body, and thus prevent his strug- 

 gling and becoming excited, and until the muscles 

 were entirely relaxed, and then further win his confi- 

 dence by kindness, caressing and so on, the subjuga- 

 tion obtained would be of the most efficient kind ; but 

 as there is not strength enough in human nature to 



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