194 



PRACTICAL IRRIGATION. 



opinion that he does not use half the amount of water that he for- 

 merly used, and that he saves more than half the expense ordinarily 

 incurred in cultivation, etc. 



Other systems have been invented, and some patented, but all, so 

 far as known to the writer, have proved failures. From the best in- 

 formation that can be gathered, all cement systems have proved fail- 

 ures; although when first put in use, they did the work designed 

 for them with satisfaction. Cement pipes have not proved a success 



Slot Valve 

 owing to the fact that they break and become leaky, necessitating con- 

 stant repairs. And they also become filled with roots. 



Experiments with cement pipes were begun in California about 

 twenty-five years ago, and have continued to the present time, and 

 yet the writer does not know of a single orchard, nor can he get 



