VIll] 



AWNS 



129 



Further important distinctive characters are obtained 

 from the absence or presence of awns, and the peculiarities 

 — length, stiffness, &c. — of the latter. The awns may be 



Fig. 47. Arrhenatherum avena- 

 ceum. The "double seed" {a 

 and 6) consists of two pairs of 

 palese with their enclosures. 

 The lower pair (7) are devoid 

 of fruit, and the outer palea 

 has a long twisted and tneed 

 basal awn: the upper pair (/3) 

 enclose the fruit, and the palea 

 has a short straight awn. Note 

 the stiff basal hairs, a, nat. 

 size ; 6, x about 6 ; c, caryopsis, 

 nat. size; d, ditto, x 6. Nobbe. 



Fig. 48. LoUum temulentum. 

 Type of boat-shaped "seed" 

 with sub-terminal awn arising 

 from between two teeth, c, 

 "seed," nat. size; a and b, 

 ditto, X 6. Note the large 

 smooth raohilla. Nobbe. Cf. 

 Fig. 57. 



