SPERMATOPHYTA—GRAMINEAE— GRASSES 345 



citratus, and citronella oil from A. Nardus. The fibrous roots of the aromatic 

 Cuscus grass of India (A. muricatus), produce a substance used mainly as 

 sachet powder; the fibres of the plant are used extensively by the natives in 

 making mats. 



Andropogon halepensis. Brot. Johnson Grass 



A stout perennial with smooth, erect, simple culms, 3-S feet hight; and 

 strong creeping rootstocks; panicle open, 6-12 inches long; the 3-5 flowered 

 racemes clustered toward their extremities; outer glume coriaceous, second 

 glume equaling the first and convex below, the third glume shorter than the 

 outer ones, membranaceous, palet broadly oval; fourth glume ciliate awned; 

 palet shorter than the glumes; nerves ciliate. 



A troublesome weed throughout the Southern States. First introduced as 

 a forage plant. 



Andropogon Sorghum. Brot. Sorghum 



An annual with long, broad, flat leaves and ample terminal panicle; spike- 

 lets in pairs at the nodes, larger and rounder than in the preceding; rachis 



Fig. 141. Sorghum {Andropogon Sorghum). 1. 

 3, Ambersorghum. (Kansas State Board of Agrl.). 



Kaffir corn; 2, Jerusalem corn; 



not artictdate; sessile spikelet with 4 scales, the outer hard and shining, the 

 inner hyaline; the fourth scale on and subtending a small palet and perfect 

 flower, or occasionally the palet wanting. 



Sorghum is contained in a number of cultivated plants which are class- 

 ified by Mr. C. R. Ball under (1) Broom Corn, (2) Shallu, (3) Durra, (4) 

 Sorghum and (5) Kaffir. Broom Corn used for the manufacture of brooms, 

 is grown chiefly in the central Mississippi Valley, Kansas, Oklahoma, and the 

 Panhandle of Texas. The Shallu, also known as Egyptian wheat, is culti- 



