754 



MANUAL OF POISONOUS PLANTS 



Fig. 435a. Illustrating structure of Compositae. Thistle 

 (,Cirsium altissimum) . 1, head; 2, leaf; 3, outer bracts of head; 

 4, inner bracts; 5, single flower; a, achene; b, pappus; c, tubu- 

 lar corolla with 5 lobes; d, anthers; e, style. 6, style enlarged 

 with two stigmas and pollen grains on style; 7, syngenesious 

 anthers cut lengthwise to show pollen grains and tailed appen- 

 dages; 8, single pollen grain. (Charlotte M. King). 



the Inula Helemum, native to Europe and occasionally naturalized in the north- 

 ern states. It is a mild tonic and contains inulin C^Yi^fi., helenin and a volatile 

 oil. The pellitory root {Anacyclus Pyrethrum) contains pyrethrin with a pungent 

 taste, which, according to Dunstan, is apparently identical with piperovatin Cj, 

 HjjNOj, used for toothache; the flowers of Roman chamomile (Anthemis 

 nobilis) are used as a tonic and stomachic. However, German chamomile 

 {Matricaria Chamomilla) is sometimes substituted for the preceding and con- 

 tains anthemidin and a deep-blue volatile oil. Santonica, a species of worm- 

 wood, Artemisia Cina, contains santonin C H 0„, and cinerol Cj^^H^fi^, is 



