76 THE LARCH CANKER 
these were consequently regarded as one species by earlier 
investigators. For clearness we will at present adopt the 
names given by Massee (1895) for four of these. They are : 
1. Dasyscypha calycina, Fuck. 
Spores 18-25 x 6-8 ps. 
On larch and Scots pine. 
2. D. subtilisima, Sacc. 
Spores 8-10 x 2p. 
On firs (larch, silver fir, and spruce ?). 
3. D. abietis, Sacc. 
Spores 12-14 3p. 
Paraphyses longer than the asci. 
On silver fir. 
4. D. resinaria, Rehm. 
Spores 3 x 1°5-2 p. 
On spruce, pine, larch, and Pinus excelsa. (Massce, 
1902.) 
Though there is to-day a considerable difference of opinion 
as to the value of all these species, they will serve for pur- 
poses of argument. 
Types which might include any or all of these were 
described by 
1. Batsch (1786), p. 195. Description and figures of 
a species not more than 1 mm. across, and rather longer 
than broad, under the name of Elvella calyciformis. The 
under-side of this fungus was grey-brown or flesh-coloured, 
so that Batsch was probably not describing the fungus 
which causes canker. 
2. Hedwig (1789); ii, p. 64, Tab. xxii, described the same 
form under the name ot Peziza calyciformis or Octospora 
calyciformis. He was the first to find the eight spores in 
the ascus. 
3. Willdenow (1787), p. 404, gave a similar account of 
the fungus. 
4. Schumacher (1803) first adopted the name Peziza 
calycina. He found his specimens ‘ in strobylo Pini abietis ’, 
