42 PHYLLODOCIDiE. 



separated by a cleft, though in some, as Phyllodoce gramlandica, the separation at the 

 dorsal margin seems to be incomplete. On the other hand the separation is pronounced 

 in Eteone picta. 



In this family the segmental organs consist of a nephridium, simple or ramified, shut 

 off from the coelom and covered with solenocytes. At the moment of reproduction a ciliated 

 funnel appears, becomes connected with the nephridial tube, and conducts the sexual 

 elements externally (Goodrich and Fage). It was probably the movement of the cilia 

 of the segmental organ that Huxley l observed at the bases of the feet of Eulalia viriclis. 



Like other soft marine worms the Phyllodocicls were placed under the Vermes Mollusca 

 of Linnaeus ; and subsequent authors, for a considerable time, followed a similar course. 



Savigny (1820) first separated this group as the eleventh genus of his Family 

 Nereides, giving a fair account of the principal characters. He was followed by (Erstecl, 

 who made it the second division of the Nereids. 



Fig. 41.— Section of the anterior region of Phyllodoce lamelligera, L. d, intestine ; dm, dorsal longitudinal muscles ; 

 dc, dorsal cirrus ; dv, dorsal blood-vessel ; nc, nerve-cords ; so, segmental organs ; vc, ventral cirrus ; vm, ventral 

 longitudinal muscles. 



De Quatrefages (1865) divided the family into two great groups, viz. the Phyllo- 

 dociclae proper, and the Alciopidae, and he pointed out the distinctions between them. 

 He arranged the genera of the Phyllodocidae according to the structure of the feet, the 

 nature of the tentacles, and the tentacular cirri. 



The Phyllodocea were described by Kinberg (1865) as having the " antennae and 

 palpi" equal (for so he diagnosed the anterior tentacles), a single tentacle or none; 

 pharynx long, protrusible and devoid of jaws, branchiae foliaceous. He distinguished 

 Phyllodoce from Eulalia by the presence of the median tentacle in the latter. He followed 

 De Quatrefages in retaining Garobia. 



Ehlers (1868) describes the family as possessing an elongated nearly equally seg- 

 mented body. Head with tentacles and eyes. The two or three following segments bearing 

 four pairs of tentacular cirri — with or without feet. The rest of the segments distinct. 

 Feet not prominent, with jointed bristles ; dorsal and ventral cirri leaf -like. Proboscis 

 forming a long, closely papillose tube, and followed by a straight thick- walled stomach. 



1 'Mecl. Times and Gazette/ July 26th, 1856. 



