NEPHTHYS CILIATA. 23 



from Cuvier's form, naming the latter N. Cuvieri, but it is doubtful from the description 

 of the author or of Cuvier whether any distinction exists. 



After describing the species, Ehlers (1868) furnishes a digest of the literature, 

 pointing out the confusion into which it had lapsed. His view that the Nephthys 

 longisetosa of Johnston was probably this species was in consonance with Malmgren's 

 opinion and with the appearance of the examples in the British ~ Museum. He further 

 thought that the Nephthys Cuvieri of De Quatrefages was the same or a closely allied 

 form. 



Some authors place the Nephthys emarginaia of Malm (1874) under N cdsca, but a 

 careful examination of his figure would lead to the view that it rather pertains to 

 this species. 



Langerhans (1879) gives an interesting account of the connective-tissue apparatus 

 (Band apparatus) of this species, with various figures. The central apparatus is 

 internal to the nerve-cord, and branches proceed to both lobes of the foot. 



Ehlers and Theel (1879) consider that this species is indicated in (Ersted's ' Grronl. 

 Dorsib.,' pp. 195-6, figs. 75 and 76, and the figure given by the author is certainly 

 ambiguous — more resembling an imperfectly preserved example of N. Hombergii than 

 N longisetosa, though the dorsal lamella is stated to be triangular. 



Tauber (1879) seems inclined to include the Nephthys Johnstoni, N. nudipes, and 

 N. pansa of Ehlers under this form, and is doubtful as to the separation of N incisa, 

 Malmgren. 



De St. Joseph (1894) gives a somewhat minute account of this species, but un- 

 fortunately his figures are indifferent. Like Delle Chiaje, he mentions the occurrence 

 of two small eyes at the posterior border of the first segment. He supposes the A 

 longisetosa of Johnston to be the same, but this is doubtful, since the description may 

 refer to the long bristled variety of Nephthys caeca. Besides the structure of the exterior 

 he describes the circulatory, muscular, and nervous systems, the presence of striated 

 muscular fibres in the median ventral bands being a feature of note. He found the 

 sexual elements developed from November to April. 



A careful account of the nervous system of this species is given by Pruvot l in which 

 he points out the single cerebral mass without inferior cerebral lobes or secondary ganglia. 

 Each oesophageal connective, double at its origin, is single thereafter, and gives off the 

 stomato-gastric nerves. The ventral ganglionic chain is norma], and it has one neural 

 canal inferiorly (the others apparently having escaped his notice). 



3. Nephthys ciliata, 0. F. Mutter, 1789. Plate LXVI, fig. 9— foot ; PI. LXXVI1, figs. 6, 



6 a, and 7 — brist. 



Specific Characters— -Head longer than broad, with a wide anterior border and more 

 slender tentacles than in N cseca. Proboscis in extrusion generally papillose, with 



i ( 



Arch. Zool. Exper/ 2 e ser, in, p. 225, pis. xi and xii, 1885. 



