88 PHYLLODOCE GROEXLANDICA. 



Habitat.— Tossed on shore in great numbers after storms on the West Sands, St. 

 Andrews (E. M.), and probably inhabits the sand inshore. Stomach of cod (E. M.). 

 Montrose Bay (Dr. Howden). Connemara, Co. Gal way (A. Gr. More). 



The species is common in the seas of Spitzbergen, Nova Zembla, and Greenland, but 

 less frequent in Norway, Finmark, and Sweden. Extends to Canada (W. C. M.) and the 

 American coast. Siberia and Behrings Strait (Marenzeller, Wiren). 



Head (Plate LVIII, fig. 5) somewhat ovate with a cordate posterior border, two 

 acute peaks being separated by a deep fissure. It is longer than broad. The eyes are 

 well marked, and occur about the commencement of the posterior third. The tentacles 

 are short and subulate. The tentacular cirri have the usual proportions. 



Body slightly tapered anteriorly and much more so posteriorly, rounded dorsally and 

 somewhat flattened ventrally where a median groove occurs. The segments are distinctly 

 marked on both surfaces by deep grooves. The mouth forms a transverse fissure 

 ventrally with various furrows. The slender tail bears two caudal cirri. The animal is 

 of a sandy or greyish-green hue with darker pigment on the edges of the lamellse. It 

 tinges spirit greenish and becomes so itself. The exserted proboscis is sub-cylindrical, 

 but is often clavate. Proximally twelve rows of elongated papillae (thirteen to seventeen 

 in each) are ranged in two groups of six, a blank occurring in the mid-dorsal and the 

 mid-ventral line. The distal region (in extrusion) presents a somewhat hexagonal 

 appearance in transverse section, from the disposition of the large tubercles or blunt 

 papillas which form six rows. Seventeen papillae surround the aperture, the furrows 

 between them trending inward so as to make a long and slightly tapering process to 

 each papilla, and as the aperture rapidly diminishes, the whole constitutes a fluted basin 

 with a central aperture. 



The dorsal division of the foot (Plate LXVIII, figs. 4, 5, and 6) forms a short and 

 massive pedicle bearing the more or less vertical cirrus, which in the anterior part of the 

 body, as at the tenth foot, has a short conical form, whilst at the sixtieth, its dorsal part 

 has become so much developed as to give it almost a rectangular outline, the dorsal 

 margin being nearly straight. Towards the posterior part of the body it again becomes 

 rounded dorsally. The hypoderm of the cirrus has a somewhat radiate arrangement. 



The inferior division consists of a bifid setigerous lobe 1 — the spine issuing from the 

 terminal pit. The shafts of the bristles (Plate L XXVII, fig. 7) have a terminal 

 curvature and a dilated end, the sides of which are minutely serrated. The terminal 

 blade is long, finely tapered, and minutely serrated. The ventral cirrus is ovate, 

 elliptical, with an acuminate tip, and is carried nearly vertically at the posterior border 

 of the foot. It is shorter and broader anteriorly, more elongated and more pointed near 

 the tail. 



The original description and figures of (Ersted (1843) leave no doubt concerning this 

 species, though perhaps the outlines might be improved. His specimens had from 

 300—350 segments. He considered that the bristles agreed with those of P. lamelligem. 



The Phyllodoce fragilis of Webster 2 from the Virginian coast seems to be a closely 

 allied form, which occurs elsewhere on the shores of America. 



1 The setigerous process is more elongated in specimens from Southport. 



2 ' Trans. Albany Inst./ ix, p. 14, pi. iii, figs. 32—37, 1879. 



