SIXTEENTH CENTURY 117 
choly in reading their description of the victualling of ships 
with Penguins, i.e., Great Auks, which were in great plenty 
on one or two islands. 
Havoc was soon made among them, and one early voyager, 
André Thavet (1555), tells how these simple birds could be 
driven into boats ‘‘ ainsi que moutons a la boucherie,”’ with 
the natural result that they were speedily wiped out of 
existence. 
Let us therefore turn to the wider subject of Household 
Accounts, which were generally kept by the stewards of 
large establishments,* but unfortunately most of them have 
perished. Among those which by a lucky chance have not 
» 
* Of this a good sample is a curious “ Breviate’’ of directions for the 
ordering of a nobleman’s house in the sixteenth century, printed in the 
thirteenth volume of ‘ Archaeologia’’ (1800, pp. 315-389). The author, 
whoever he was, names sixty-three birds, of which a few of the more 
mysterious are— 
Cudberduce or Cutburduk (St. Cuthbert’s Duck, 7.e., the Eider). 
Indecoke (probably for Judecocke, elsewhere given as Jedcoke, 7.e., 
the Jack Snipe). 
Mullet (possibly a mistranscription for Pullet, but these latter are included 
as well, from the context it appears to beabird), At Scarborough this name 
was given to the Puffin (Willughby’s “‘ Ornithology,” p 325). 
Bayninge (this name has already proved a puzzle to Mr. Stubbs 
(‘‘ Zoologist,’? 1910, p. 154). It cannot be the Bittern, occasionally termed 
Baytour, because that bird is separately included.) it is perhaps a diminutive, 
meaning the little bay or red bird. 
Kennices (also spelled Kenneces and Kennecis). Probably Chickens. 
In ‘“‘ Richard the Redeles,” written in 1399, a poem, part of which (pass. iii.) is 
in praise of the Partridge, we meet with ‘‘ Kenne’’ in the sense of generate, 
come to life, or kindle. 
Blankett (also spelled Blonkett). This is another puzzle: it cannot be 
the Coot, called Blishéne in Denmark, or the Avocet, called Brogeb-lit in 
Denmark. Possibly the name Blankett means some small bird of a grey 
colour, in which sense the adjective ‘‘ bloncket’’ is used by Spenser. In the 
thirteenth century blanchettum was a white woollen cloth (Swinfield, t.c., 
p- 244), and we have the word blonket with that meaning in the Account 
Rolls of the Abbey of Durham (printed for the Surtees Society). Mr. Jourdain 
observes that Blankhane is a Swedish name for the Golden-eye Duck. 
Martine (perhaps the House Martin). 
Ree (Reeve, the Ruff is mentioned separately). 
Petterell (the Kittiwake Gull, see Nelson’s ‘‘ Birds of Yorkshiré,’’ II., 
. 692). 
: Cullver (Dove). 
Chitte (equivalent, as Mr. Harting suggests, to May Chitt, a Sanderling). 
Didaper (Grebe). 
Churre (? Dunlin). 
Tearne (probably Tern: in the Naworth accounts the Sea Swallow is 
entered as eatable). 
Golney (also spelled Goldne and Golne, probably a contraction of 
Golden-eye). In Jamieson’s ‘ Scottish Dictionary’’ (1808, suppl. 1825) we 
have Goldeine, in 1555, and Golding, in 1600, as old Scotch names. 
