EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 229 
Altogether Ray reckoned 164 British birds, and Pennant 
242, while another well-known naturalist, John Latham, a 
few years later (1787), puts the total at 268,* which gives 
an advance of 104 species in about 113 years. In the first 
half of the eighteenth century progress was slow, only the 
Golden Oriole, and the Rose-coloured Starling, seem to have 
been added, but between 1751 and 1796 there was a great 
stride forwards, sixteen more species being registered as 
British, thanks to the exertions of Pennant and his personal 
friends. These species were :— 
The Little Bustard in 1751 
The Nutcracker in 1753 fide Pennant 
The Grey Phalarope in 1757 fide Edwardst 
The Red-necked Phalarope in 1769 
The Little Bittern in 1773 
The Dartford Warbler in 1773 fide Latham 
The Spoonbill in 1774 fide Sparshall 
The Squacco Heron in 1775 fide Latham 
The Ruddy Sheld-Duck in 1776 fide Tunstall 
The Red-breasted Goose in 1776 fide Tunstall 
The Ortolan Bunting in 1776 
The Night Heron in 1782 
The Cream-coloured Courser in 1785 fide Latham 
The Little Crake in 1791 fide Markwick 
The Bee-eater in 1793 fide Sir J. KE. Smith 
The Sclavonian Grebe in 1796 fide Montagu 
Of the above-named birds four at least are now looked 
upon as annual visitants, while one, the Dartford Warbler, 
is a regular breeder in the south of England, in small numbers. 
Pennant was a Welshman, born and bred in Flintshire, 
and it was by a Welsh Literary Society that the ‘“ British 
Zoology’ was published.{ His attention therefore was 
* “ General Synopsis of Birds,’ by John Latham. First supplement, 
p. 281. 
{ Well figured by George Edwards in “‘ The Philosophical Transactions ”’ 
for 1757 (vol. I., Tab. VI.) as well as in that author’s ‘Gleanings of Natural 
History ”’ (1760) vol. VI., pl. 308). 
¢ In folio in 1766. Reprinted in octavo in 1768 and 1770, see ‘“ Biblio- 
graphy of British Ornithology,” p. 464, and “ British Birds ’”’ Mag., vol. I, 
p. 259. Fifteen years after Pennant’s death, a fifth edition was called for, 
which contains sundry additions by the Rev. John Lightfoot, author of a 
“ Flora Scotica,” but they are of little value. 
