220 VIREOS. 



within the Arctic Circle, and in October journeys south- 

 ward, rarely as far as Virginia, and remains in the United 

 States until April or May. 



The Loggerhead Shrike is common in the Southern 

 States and Mississippi Valley, -whence it has ajjparently 

 extended eastward through central New York to Ver- 

 mont and Maine. It nests in these States, l)ut southward 

 to Maryland is Ivuown ijnly as a rare migi'ant — a unirpe 

 case in distribution. It differs from tlie Northern Shrike 

 in being an inch and a quai'ter smaller, in the absence of the 

 wavy bars on the breast, which is pure white, and in hav- 

 ing jet-black lores and a narrow black line across the fore- 

 head at the base of the l>ill. Its song is creuky and un- 

 musical, l)ut the song of the Northern Shrike, as de- 

 scribed l)y Mr. Brewster, is " really pleasing," and " not 

 unlike that of the Thrasher, but more disconnected and 

 less loud and varied." 



ViREOs. (Family Vireoxid^e.) 



Vireos are gleaners, and are to be distinguished from 

 other tree-inhabiting, greenish birds of the same size Ijy 

 their habit of carefully exploring the under surface of 

 leaves and various nooks and corners in the bark and 

 foliage, while the more active Warl)lers are Hitting about 

 the terminal twigs and the Flycatchers are swinging out 

 in aerial loops at passing insects. 



They are highly musical little birds, having songs and 

 call -notes which may be cpiickly recognized once they 

 are known. The nests and eggs of our four sununer- 

 resident species are so much alike that they are to lie 

 known only when accompanied by their owners. The 

 White-eyed Vireo inhal)its thickets and, as a rule, builds 

 nearer the ground thau the ai'ltoreal Ked-eyed, Yellow- 

 throated, and Warbling Vireos. The nests are small, 



