248 THE LICHEN-FLORA 



* * Tlvallus scurfy. 



t Hypothecium dark. 



. 21. L. dispansa, Nyl. black, thin, furfuraceous, rimulose ; apo- 

 ihecia numerous, minute, scattered, sessile, black, plane, margin thin, 

 smooth ; hypothecium thin, nigro-fuscous ; epithecium nigro-fuscous ; 

 iiymenium colourless ; spores 8, colourless, ellipsoid, simple. 



On water-washed sandstone boulders, in sub-alpine localities, 

 rare. 1854. 



Syn:— Nyl. in Flora 1866. p. 86. Nyl. Lapp. or. 186. L. expansa, Nyl. in 

 Leighf Exs. 186. Mudd Man. 208. 



Exs :— Leight. 186. Muddl76. Zw. 426. 



Geog. Distblb :— Europe. 



Bot. Pbov :— 5...7...10...19...26...3L 



England :— Near Battersby ! and near Koseberry ! Cleveland, Yorkshire. 

 Mr. Mudd. near Bewdley, Worcestershire. Dr. HoU. 



Ibeland : — Near Cork ! Mr. Carroll. Glencorbot ! Mr. Larbalestier. 



Wales : — Cwm Idwal ! Glyn Ceiriog ! near Chirk. 



Channel Islands : — Rozel, Jersey ! Mr. Larbalestier. 



Paraphyses distinct, but cohserent, apices nigro-fuscous. "Spores 0.007 — 

 —0.010 long, 0.0035—0.0040 mm. broad," (Nyl.) ".00175 in. long, by .0005 in. 

 broad. Spermatia minute, cylindrical or sub-ellipsoid." (Mudd.) Spores .010 — 

 .012 mm. long, .004— .005 mm. broad. 



L. dispansa and L. sylvicola and its varieties approach each other closely, but 

 attention to the characteristic features of their diagnoses will enable an easy and 

 certain recognition. 



22. L. demarginata, NyL whitish or cinerascent, very thin, 

 subleprose ; apothecia convex, similar in analysis to those of L. 

 dispansa, Nyl. of which it may be a subspecies. 



On rocks, rare. 1877. 



Syn :— Nyl. in Mora 1878. p. 245. 



Geog. Dibtbib :— Europe, Finland. 



Bot. Pbov :— 26. 



Ibeland :— Kylemore. Mr. Larbalestier. (1877.) 



23. L. sylvicola, (Flot.) cinereous or pale-yellowish-tawny, thin, 

 furfuraceous, rimulose, effuse, (K — C — ) ; apothecia black, small, 

 convex, immarginate, solitary or %-3-connate, colourless within ; 

 hypothecium violaceo-nigricant ; hymenium cseruleo-cinerascent ; 

 epithecium pale ; paraphyses indistinct ; spores 8, colourless, ellip- 

 soid, simple ; gelatina hymenea vinous-red with iodine. 



On maritime rocks, rare. 



Syn :— Elot. Lich. Siles. No. 171. (1829.) NyL Lapp. or. 185. Crombie Enum. 

 69. 



Exs :— Larbal. 84. Am. 409. b. 



Geog. Distkib : — Germany, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Lapland Orient. 



Bot. Pbov :— 1... 7.. .26.. .31. 



Ireland : — Salrock Road ! and Kylemore, Connemara. Mr, Larbalestier. 



Wales : — Barmouth ! 



Channel Islands : — St. Peter's Valley, Jersey ! Mr. Larbalestier. 



Apices of paraphyses pale. " Spores 0.007 — 9 mm. long, 0.0035 — 0.0045 mm. 

 broad. Spermatia slender, straight." (Nyl.) "0.006—8 mm. long, 0.0025—35 

 mm. broad." (T. M. Fr.) • Spores .010 mm. long, .005 mm , broad. 



Var. infidula, Nyl. whitish or pale-yellowish-tawny; apothecia 

 nigricant, cinerascent within ; hypothecium fuscous ; paraphyses, 

 spores and other characters as in type. 



On maritime rocks, rare. 



