378 



THE LICHEN-iXORA 



358. L. lavata, Fr. greyish-broim or dirty-subtestaceous, contigu- 

 ous, smooth, slightly and coarsely rimulose ; apothecia alack, or 

 blackish-brown, very large, elevato-adnate, plane, roughish, and fre- 

 quently umbonate, with an excessively thick, obtuse, prominent, 

 somewhat paler margin ; hypothecium thick, black ; spores 8, colour- 

 less, oblong, or oblongo-ellipsoid, murali-locular. 



On water-washed mountain rocks, frequent. 1814. 



Syn : — Lecidea airoalha var. lavata, Ft. L. E. 313. Bhizocarpon petratum var. 

 laratum, Mudd Man. 220. Korb. S. L. 260. Bh. obsouralum, f. lavata, T. M. 

 Fries L. Soand. 629. Obs. 2. L. concreta, state, Leight. L. G. B. 2d. ed. 351. 



Exs :— Fr. L. S. 383. (teste Fr. L c.) 



Geog. Distbtb : — Sweden, Germany. 



Bot. Pbov :— 5...7...10...15...20...26. 



England: — Teesdale; Mr. Robertson. (1814.) Wapley Hill! Herefordshire. 

 Bodbnry Ring ! Long Mynd ! near Church Strett on, Shropshire. 



Scotland : — Ben Nevis, Lochaber. Bet. J. M. Grombie. 



Ibeland : — Musheragh Mount ! Cork. Mr. Ca-rvoU. Kilmurry ! Fermoy. Mr. 

 Chandler, near Kylemore, Galway. Mr. Larbalestier. 



Wales : — Llyn-y-Cae ! Cader Idris, Pen-maen-mawr ! Xant Gwynant ! 

 Snowdon. 



Paraphyses indistinct. Gelatin a hymenea I deep-blue or violet Spores .031 

 mm. long, .016 mm. broad. 



359. L. concentrica, (Dav.) white or greyish-white, very thin, 

 orbicular, determinate, tartareo-farinose, continuous or rimulose, 

 (K — C — ) ; apothecia cov-centrkally arranged, small, appressed or 

 innate, black, plane or depressed, margin albo-suffused ; hypothe- 

 cium central, nigro-fuscous, small ; spores 8, colourless, oblong, 

 murali-locular. 



On calcareous rocks, frequent. 1794. 



Stn :— Davies in Trans. Linn. Soc. 2. 284. (1794.) L. petroza, Ach. Syn. 15. 

 NyL Scand. 234. 



Fig :— E. Bot. 246. Hepp Sporen 1. 17. f. 149. 



Geog. Distbib : — Switzerland, Germany, Hungary, Italy, France, Sweden. 



Bot. Pbov :— 1, 2, 3...5...7...10...14, 15, 16...19...31. 



England : — Sussex ! Mr. Borrer. Kildale ! Cleveland. Mr. Mttdd. Malvern. 

 Dr. Holl. Exeter. Mr. Barfitt. Plymouth. Brastead, Kent. Mr. Holmes. White- 

 cliff rocks ! Ludlow, Shropshire. 



Scotland : — Pentland Hills ; Blair Drummond ; Appin ; Dumblane, Forfar- 

 shire ; Stonehaven. Bev. J. M. Crombie. 



Ibeland : — Kilcully ! Cork. Mr. Carroll. 



Wales : — Whitford co. Flint. Bee. Hugh Davies. (1794.) Llaogollen ! 

 Denbighshire ; Crib Coch ! Snowdon. Capel Curig ! 



Channel Islands : — Jersey ; Guernsey. Mr. Larbalestier. 



Different chemical reaction distinguishes this from L. petrcea. Spores .032 — 

 .038 mm. long, .016 — .019 mm. broad. Very variable, varying in the following 

 forms : — 



forma typica, white or dirty-greyish-whitish, thin, orbicular, 

 contiguous and smooth, or very slightly rimulose, hypothallus 

 black, (K — C — ) ; apothecia black, concentrically arranged, appressed 

 or adnate, plane or slightly concave, with a thick tumid permanent 

 prominent margin, slightly albo-suffused. 



On calcareous rocks, common. 



Fig :-Hoffm. PL Lich. t. 50. f. 2. a. b. c. 



Exs :— M. & N. 744. (in part.) Schser. 183. Hepp 149. Anzi It. 310 A. 



Geog. Distbib :— Scandinavia, Switzerland, Geimany, Italy. 



Bot. Pbov :— 5.. .7. 



England : — Whitecliff Rocks ! Ludlow. 



Wales : -Capel Corig ! Mr. BhiUips. Llangollen ! Diganwy ! near Conway, 



