*20 THE LICHEN-FLORA 



dark-brown, plane, rough, innate, clustered, substellate or radiate, 

 internally pale ; spores 8, colourless, lineari-clavate, roundish at the 

 extremities, 3-septate. 



On trees, sycamore, ash, mountain-ash, frequent. 



Sin :— Ach. Meth. 25. (1803.) Syn. 6. NyL Scand. 259. Leight. Br. Graph. 

 53. Mudd Man. 246. 



Fig :— E. Bot. 1847. Leight. Br. Graph, t. 8. f. 32. 



Exs :— Leight. 289. Fries. 24. (fide NyL) Fellm. 207. Mudd 227. Schser. 16. 

 Stenh. 149. 



Geog. Distbtb : — Sweden, Lapland, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Italy, 

 Portugal. 



Bot. Pbov :-l, 2, 3...5, 6, 7.. .10, 11...15...19...26...31. 



England :— Sussex ! Mr. Borrer. Berwick-on-Tweed. Dr. G. Johnston. Cliff- 

 rigg ! Cleveland. Mr. Mudd. Haldon, Exeter. Mr. Parjitt. Braxted, Essex. Mr. 

 Varenne. Midland Counties. Mr. Purton. Cirencester Park. Mr. W. Joshua. 

 Hailsham, Eastbourne. Mr. Boper. Ightham, Kent. Mr. Holmes. Eaughmond 

 Hill ! Bomere Pool ! near Shrewsbury, Shropshire. Dinmore Wood ! Hereford- 

 shire. 



Scotland : — Woods opposite Birnam, Dunkeld ! Glen Shee ! Perthshire ; 

 Glen Nevis ! Invernesshire ; Kinnoull Hill ! Perth. Dr. Lindsay. 



Ibeland : — Cromaglown ! KiUarney. Mr. Carroll. Longh Mnck ! co. Galway. 

 Mr. Larbalestier. 



Wales : — Bettws-y-coed Churchyard ! Wood opposite Tanybwlch Hotel, 

 Capel Curig ! Craig Breidden ! Builth ! Capel Arthog ! Chirk Castle Park ! 

 Edderton ! 



Channel Islands : — Common on all the Islands. Mr. Larbalestier. 



" Spores .003 to .004 in. long, by .001 to .0015 in. broad." {Mudd.) "Spores 

 .015— 18 mm. long, .005— 7 mm. broad." (ITyl.) Spores .018— .009 mm. long, 

 .005 mm. broad. 



var. simulans, Leight. ardellae brown, scattered, innate, not dis- 

 tinctly stellate or radiate, appearing as if rubbed down, and resembling 

 those of A. aspersa, but differing in spores. 



On ash. Castle Hill Plantation ! near Acton Scott, Shropshire. 

 (1875.) 



20. A. epipasta, (Ach.) grey or copper-coloured, thin, mem- 

 branaceous, smooth, shining, irregularly circumscribed ; ardelhz 

 dark-brown, plane, roughish, innate, scattered, oblong or elongato- 

 oblong, simple or branched, internally pale ; spores 8, colourless, 

 lineari-clavate, 3-septate, double the size of those of A. astroidea. 



On trees, oak, alder, beech, not common. 1807. 



Syn -.—Opegrapha, Ach. Meth. 26. (1803.) Syn. 75. Leighton Br. Graph.' 51, 

 Mudd Man. 247. 



Fig :— E. Bot. 1911 Leighton Br. Graph, t. 7. f. 30. 



Exs :— Mudd 230. M & N. 359. Anri Langob. 208. Eabh. 931. 



Geog. Distbib : — Germany, Hungary, Lombardy. 



Bot. Pbov:— 2, 3, 4...7...10...26...31. 



England : — Thorpe near Norwich. Sir J. E. Smith. (1807.) Yarmouth. Mr. 

 Turner. Sussex ! Mr. Borrer. Cliffrigg ! Hoggets Wood ! Ingleby, Cleveland. 

 Mr. Mudd. Braxted, Essex. Mr. Varenne. 



Ireland : — Kylemore Castle ! co. Galway. Mr. Larbalestier. 



Wales :— Festiniog road, Dolgelley ! Moel-y-Golfa ! Gwydir Woods ! Bettws- 

 y-coed. 



Channel Islands : — Common on all the Islands. Mr. Larbalestier. 



" Spores .003 in. long, by .001 in. broad." (Mudd.) Spores .028 mm. long, 

 .009 mm. broad." 



21. A. Swartziana, Ach. pale-yellow, cream-colour or ashy-grey, 

 thin, cartilagineo-membranaceous, scaly, subdeterminate; ardellae 

 black, plane, irregularly cracked, sub-sessile, clustered into irregular 



